A Novel Virtual Pharmacy Examination Format and Student Self-Perceptions in Making Nonprescription Product Recommendations

William R. Hamilton, Bartholomew E. Clark, Victor A. Padrón, Amanda L. Kelly, DeDe A. Hedlund, Mark V. Siracuse

Pharmacy Department, St. Luke’s Magic Valley Regional Medical Center, Twin Falls, USA.
Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, USA.

DOI: 10.4236/ce.2012.34086                

Abstract

Determine the impact of the virtual pharmacy examination on student perceptions of confidence, competence, and comfort when recommending nonprescription products. METHODS: A pre-test post-test survey of student perceptions of their own confidence, competence and comfort following exposure to a “virtual pharmacy” examination was administered. Paired sample t-tests and independent samples t-tests were used for pre-post comparisons where appropriate. RESULTS: Analysis showed a pre-post mean increase of 1.25 on a 5-point scale (p < 0.001) for the 3-item subscale measuring perceived confidence in making nonprescription product recommendations. A single item for a pre-post comparison of perceived competence showed a mean increase of 1.45 on a 5-point scale (p < 0.001). Pre-post comparisons of self-reported comfort in making nonprescription recommendations showed a mean increase of 0.49 on a 5-point scale (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The virtual examination format improved student perceptions of their own confidence, competence and comfort in making nonprescription product recommendations.

Keywords

Virtual Simulation; Practice Simulation; Computer-Based Examination; Therapeutic Recommendations; Nonprescription Products; OTC Products; Pharmacy Work Experience

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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