Author(s)

N’Guessan-Blao Rebecca^1,2, Yapo Vincent^1,3, Yayo-Ayé Mireille¹, Adjambri Eusèbe¹, Koné-Koné Fatoumata³, Sawadogo Duni¹

¹Hematology and General Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Felix Houphouet-Boigny University, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
²Laboratory of Biology and Medical Research, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
³Molecular Biology Unit, Center for Diagnosis and Research on AIDS and Other Infectious Diseases (CeDReS), Treichville University Hospital (CHU), Abidjan, Ivory Coast.

In Africa, the prevalence of diabetes is escalating and remains a concern due to the numerous complications it causes. Vascular damage associated with diabetes leads to a prothrombotic state observed in diabetic individuals. Diabetes is a complex and multifactorial disease involving genetic components. With the aim of preventing complications and contributing to an efficient management of diabetes, we investigated genes likely to lead to a risk of thrombosis, in particular the C677T of MTHFR, G20210A of prothrombin, and R506Q of factor V Leiden in type 2 diabetics in Abidjan receiving ambulatory care. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on consenting type 2 diabetic patients. Mutation detection was carried out using the PCR-RFLP method employing restriction enzymes. Hemostasis tests (fibrinogen, D-dimers, fibrin monomers, and von Willebrand factor) were performed using citrate tubes on the Stage? Star Max automated system. Plasminogen activator inhibitor was assayed by ELISA method, and biochemical parameters were determined using the COBAS C311. The study population consisted of 45 diabetic patients, 51.1% of whom presented vascular complications, mainly neuropathy. Disturbances in hemostasis parameters were observed, with 15.5% of patients showing an increase in fibrin monomers. Mutation analysis revealed an absence of factor V mutation (factor V Leiden) and of G20210A mutation of the prothrombin gene. However, 15.6% of subjects had a heterozygous C677T mutation of MTHFR, with 57% of them being anemic. The exploration of biological and genetic factors associated with thrombotic risk is of significant interest in the optimal management of African type 2 diabetics.

Type 2 Diabetes, C677T of MTHFR, G20210A, Factor V Leiden, Thrombosis

Rebecca, N. , Vincent, Y. , Mireille, Y. , Eusèbe, A. , Fatoumata, K. and Duni, S. (2024) Frequency of the C677T Polymorphism of MTHFR, G20210A of Prothrombin and R506Q of Factor V Leiden in Type 2 Diabetics in Abidjan. Open Journal of Genetics, 14, 13-25. doi: 10.4236/ojgen.2024.141002.