Aims/Background: Perceived experiences of childbirth are important for mothers as they affect their self-esteem, mother-child interactions, subsequent mother-child bonding, and their desire for another child. This study examined the factor structure and construct validity of Salmon and Drew’s Multidimensional Assessment of Women’s Experience of Childbirth (MAWEC) in Japanese. Design/Methods: This study conducted a questionnaire survey using the Japanese version of the MAWEC and other variables with 759 women with infants in Japan. The participants’ mean (standard deviation [SD], range) age was 31.9 (5.3, 18 - 46) years. A total of 353 (46.5%) participants were primiparous and 384 (50.6%) were multiparous, and 22 (2.9%) did not answer. The data were randomly divided into two groups for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and separately analyzed the positive- and negative-worded items. I conducted EFA using the maximum-likelihood method with PROMAX rotation from one-through two- and three-factor structures. Different factor structure models were compared in terms of CFAs using, as indicator of goodness-of-fit, chi-square/df, comparative fit index (CFI), and root mean square of error approximation (RMSEA). Results: This study showed that a bifactor model for the MAWEC with four subscales (positive emotion, positive coping, negative emotion, and negative coping) fit the data the best. These four subscales were associated with demographic, obstetric, neonatal, and feeding characteristics. For example, primiparas were more vulnerable to coping aspects of perceived childbirth experiences, including sense of mastery over the delivery process and ability to enjoy the delivery. Gestational age at birth was associated with emotional aspects of perceived childbirth experiences. Conclusion: The Japanese version of the MAWEC consists of four aspects regarding perceived childbirth experience. Perinatal health professionals may examine women’s childbirth experiences from these four perspectives.