Author(s)

Qi Wu¹, Zhaoping Chu¹, Jun Dai², Ligang Jia¹, Xinling Wang¹, Lihui Li³, Jie Li¹, Yuan Zhang¹, Ping Yan¹, Jianxiang Hou¹

¹Department of Gynaecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China.
²Department of Immunology and Pathobiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China.
³Department of Gynaecology, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China.

Introduction: Choriocarcinoma is an aggressive tumor, whose incidence is 0.18 per 100,000 women between the ages of 15 and 49 years [1]. Although its prognosis has improved with the development of chemotherapy regimens, the mortality rate of patients with brain metastases is reportedly 29.7% [2]. After chemotherapy, most often, the reappearance of masses in pulmonary is considered to be a sign of relapse. Case presentation: The patient was a 32-year-old Asian Chinese female who delivered a dead male infant at 33 weeks gestation. The placenta appeared to be normal. The major presentation was a haemorrhage of the vagina. The patient received combined treatment with systematic multi-agent chemotherapy and whole-brain radiation therapy at the General Hospital of Hebei Province and achieved complete remission. Two years after remission, a chest CT scan revealed a mass in the right lung that had become larger over 6 months. The patient’s serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) level was normal, and the tuberculosis infected T lymphocyte spot (T-SPOT.TB) tests were positive. The patient was started on anti-tuberculosis therapy, after which the size of her right lung mass decreased. Conclusion: Lung masses after choriocarcinoma require extensive laboratory and imaging exams to exclude recurrence. This case highlights the importance of differential diagnoses of lung masses in patients with choriocarcinomas. Imaging studies, β-HCG and local lesion resection should be employed to rule out choriocarcinoma recurrence.

Choriocarcinoma, Tuberculosis

Wu, Q. , Chu, Z. , Dai, J. , Jia, L. , Wang, X. , Li, L. , Li, J. , Zhang, Y. , Yan, P. and Hou, J. (2023) Tuberculosis Infected T Lymphocyte Spot as a Differential Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Choriocarcinoma Recurrence: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, 11, 31-36. doi: 10.4236/jbm.2023.119004.