Author(s)

Twana O. Abdullah^1,2, Salahalddin S. Ali^3,4, Nadhir A. Al-Ansari^2*, Sven Knutsson², Jan Laue²

¹Groundwater Directorate of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq.
²Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources and Engineering, Division of Mining and Geotechnical Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden.
³Department of Geology, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq.
⁴Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimani, Iraq.

To understand and anticipate flow in various groundwater media, the magnitude and direction of groundwater flow velocity must be deemed. The studied area which is called Halabja-Sadiq Basin is in the northeastern part of Iraq and covers an area of approximately 128,000 square hectometers. There are several groundwater aquifers in this region that supply nearly over 90% of all water needs. Subsequently, it is of highly requirement to identify various groundwater behaviors in the area. The objective of this study is to estimate the magnitude and direction of the groundwater seepage velocity with the aid of groundwater tool in Geographic Information System technology. Refer to the results of this analysis, the magnitude value of groundwater flow velocity ranged from 0 to 51 m/d, whilst the general flow movement is from the eastern part to the western part of the study area. The factor governing the direction of flow and velocity magnitude indicates the direction of dipping of the geological formation strata, the high head of groundwater in the eastern part, and the low transmissivity properties of aquifer materials in the western part.

Seepage Velocity, Magnitude, Aquifer, Groundwater, Halabja Saidsadiq Basin

Abdullah, T. , Ali, S. , Al-Ansari, N. , Knutsson, S. and Laue, J. (2020) Magnitude and Direction of Groundwater Seepage Velocity in Different Soil and Rock Materials. Engineering, 12, 242-253. doi: 10.4236/eng.2020.124020.