Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta): New Record of an Exotic Species for the Caribbean Coast of Costa Rica - American Journal of Plant Sciences

AJPS > Vol.10 No.10, October 2019

American Journal of Plant Sciences

Volume 10, Issue 10 (October 2019)

ISSN Print: 2158-2742 ISSN Online: 2158-2750

Google-based Impact Factor: 1.20 Citations h5-index & Ranking

Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta): New Record of an Exotic Species for the Caribbean Coast of Costa Rica ()

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DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2019.1010133 744 Downloads 2,869 Views Citations

Author(s)

Rubén Cabrera^1*, Schery Umanzor², Jhoana Díaz-Larrea³, Patricia G. Araújo⁴

Affiliation(s)

¹Gabinete de Arqueologia, Oficina del Historiador de la Ciudad, Habana Vieja, Cuba.
²Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Stamford, CT, USA.
³Departamento de Hidrobiología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México.
⁴Instituto de Biociências, Universidad Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

ABSTRACT

Kappaphycus alvarezii, a red macroalgal species native to South-East Asia, has been introduced for commercial purposes to more than 20 tropical countries. In 2000, Panama became the first Central American country to develop its cultivation following a pilot-commercial approach. Twelve years after his introduction to Panama, the species was found to the south Caribbean coast. In the present study, we report the first record of K. alvarezii collected in Costa Rican waters. Genetic identification of the sample was performed with the mitochondrial marker cox2-cox3 intergenic spacer, and phylogenetic analyses showed that the sample collected grouped into a monophyletic clade with GenBank sequences from Vietnam, Indonesia, the Philippines, Brazil and Venezuela. Here we provide further description of its position with respect to other strains of K. alvarezii collected globally. Its possible route of entry to the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica is discussed. To date, it is possible to locate K. alvarezii in different areas away from the production fields which show its dispersion, and that the species is expanding; but more studies are needed to know the phase of colonization in which it is located because it is a combination of natural factors and human exploitation that determines the invasive potential of the species.

KEYWORDS

Carrageenophytes, Cultivation, Costa Rica, Dispersion, Exotic, Introduction

Share and Cite:

Cabrera, R. , Umanzor, S. , Díaz-Larrea, J. and Araújo, P. (2019) Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta): New Record of an Exotic Species for the Caribbean Coast of Costa Rica. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 10, 1888-1902. doi: 10.4236/ajps.2019.1010133.

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