Author(s)

Iftikhar Haider Naqvi^1*, Abu Talib¹, Syed Tahseen Akhter¹, Syeda Rida Abdi¹, Saiyeda Nayema Zehra Rizvi², Muhammad Ubaid³

¹Department of Medicine Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
²Florence Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan.
³Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.

Background: The prevalence of diabetes in Pakistan is 11.45%. The reported prevalence of diabetic foot ulceration in Pakistan is between 4% and 10%, with the amputation rate of 8% - 21%. Peripheral neuropathy and vasculopathy are main underlying cause of diabetic foot ulcers. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional non-interventional cohort study where all newly diagnosed treatment naïve type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled. Peripheral neuropathy and vasculopathy were detected by Michigan neuropathy screening instrument (MNSI) and ankle brachial index (ABI) respectively. Risk factors for peripheral neuropathy and vasculopathy were determined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was considered with P value of < 0.05. Result: Fifty seven patients (37.7%) had early neuropathy with MNSI score of 3.3 ± 0.4. Thirty seven patients (20.6%) had vasculopathy with ABI score of 0.76 ± 0.11. Age (Odd ratio 1.07 (1.02 - 1.11), p 0.003), duration of symptoms (Odd ratio 1.11 95% CI: 1.05 - 1.17, p ≤ 0.001), high HbA1C % (Odd ratio 1.94 95% CI: 1.54 - 2.45, P ≤ 0.001), albumin creatinine ratio (Odd ratio 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00 - 1.01, P ≤ 0.001 ) and cholesterol level (Odd ratio 1.01 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.02, p = 0.001) were found as risk factors for early neuropathy and vasculopathy. Conclusion: Peripheral neuropathy and vasculopathy are frequently reported complications among newly diagnosed treatment naïve patients of type 2 DM. Age, duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis, metabolic parameters like raised HbA1C, hyperlipidemia and spot random albumin creatinine ratio are found to be risk factors for both peripheral neuropathy and vasculopathy.

Peripheral Neuropathy, Peripheral Vasculopathy, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Naqvi, I. , Talib, A. , Akhter, S. , Abdi, S. , Rizvi, S. and Ubaid, M. (2018) Peripheral Neuropathy and Vasculopathy; Frequency and Associated Risk Factors in Newly Diagnosed Treatment Naive Type 2 Diabetes. Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 8, 125-136. doi: 10.4236/ojemd.2018.85013.