Author(s)

N. N Kozlov

Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

The disclosure of many secrets of the genetic code was facilitated by the fact that it was carried out on the basis of mathematical analysis of experimental data: the diversity of genes, their structures and genetic codes. New properties of the genetic code are presented and its most important integral characteristics are established. Two groups of such characteristics were distinguished. The first group refers to the integral characteristics for the areas of DNA, where genes are broken down in pairs and all 5 cases of overlap, allowed by the structure of DNA, were investigated. The second group of characteristics refers to the most extended areas of DNA in which there is no genetic overlap. The interrelation of the established integral characteristics in these groups is shown. As a result, a number of previously unknown effects were discovered. It was possible to establish two functions in which all the over-understood codons in mitochondrial genetic codes (human and other organizations) participate, as well as a significant difference in the integral characteristics of such codes compared to the standard code. Other properties of the structure of the genetic code following from the obtained results are also established. The obtained results allowed us to set and solve one of the new breakthrough problems—the calculation of the genetic code. The full version of the solution to this problem was published in this journal in August 2017.

Genetic Code, Overlapping Genes, Degeneracy Code, Code Irregularities, Potential Code for Overlaps, Common Property Codes, Integral Characteristics Code, Deviation Code, Elementary Overlaps, Role-Reinterpreted Codons, Code Is Not Arbitrary

Kozlov, N. (2018) The Study of the Secrets of the Genetic Code. Journal of Computer and Communications, 6, 64-83. doi: 10.4236/jcc.2018.67007.