Author(s)

Bruna Penha Costa^1*, Maria Rosangela Malheiros Silva², Carlos Augusto Rocha de Moraes Rego¹, Juan López de Herrera³, Maria Soraia Fortado Vera Cruz¹, Ana Carolina Pinguelli Ristau¹, Marinez Carpiski Sampaio¹, Thatiane Nepomuceno Alves¹, Shirlene Souza Oliveira¹, Hannah Braz¹, Nitalo Andre Farias Machado¹

¹Center of Agrarian Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, Marechal Candido Rondon, Brazil.
²Center of Agrarian Sciences, State University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil.
³University School of Agricultural Technical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

The objective of this study is to identify and quantify the floristic composition of the weed community in the rice crop waterlogged in the municipality of Arari-MA. The botanical material was obtained in three areas by randomly a hollow rectangle of 0.50 m × 0.30 m by forty five times in each plot. The aerial parts of weeds were harvested, identified, counted and oven dried with forced air ventilation at 333.15 K to 343.15 K. These data were used to determine the phytosociological parameters and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was also calculated. A total of 6607 plants were collected, being 4115 (62.28%) in the vegetative phase and 2492 (37.72%) in the reproductive phase. The monocotyledonous group obtained the largest number of plants, 2882 in the vegetative phase and 1535 in the reproductive phase. The Cyperaceae family recorded nine species and four genera and the Poaceae, seven and four species in the vegetative and reproductive phases, respectively. The species of higher IVI in the vegetative phase was E. sellowiana in the area A1 with 82.86%, and in the reproductive F. dichotoma with IVI of 90.49% in the area A3. The individuals density and species richness were higher in the vegetative phase of the culture and the monocotyledonous group predominated with the Cyperaceae and Poaceae families, and the weed diversity among the areas was low.

Diversity, Oryza sativa L., Weeds

Costa, B. , Malheiros Silva, M. , de Moraes Rego, C. , de Herrera, J. , Fortado Vera Cruz, M. , Ristau, A. , Sampaio, M. , Alves, T. , Oliveira, S. , Braz, H. and Machado, N. (2018) Phytosociology and Floristic Composition of the Infesting Community in Rice Crop Waterlogged. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 9, 353-367. doi: 10.4236/ajps.2018.93028.