Author(s)

Jan Pfeiffenberger^1,8, Tatjana Zimmermann^1,8, Daniel N. Gotthardt^1,8, Christoph Springfeld^2,8, Wolfgang Stremmel^1,8, Peter Schirmacher^3,8, Henning Schulze-Bergkamen^4,8, Arianeb Mehrabi^5,8, Christoph W. Michalski^5,8, Katrin Hoffmann^5,8, Nikolas Kortes^6,8, Boris Radeleff^6,8, Uwe Haberkorn^7,8, Clemens Kratochwil^7,8, Karl Heinz Weiss^1,7*, Carsten Grüllich^2,8*

¹Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
²Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
³Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
⁴Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Marien-Hospital, Wesel, Germany.
⁵Department of General and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
⁶Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
⁷Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
⁸Liver Cancer Center Heidelberg, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor prognosis. Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) with microspheres is a treatment option for HCC. This study aimed to assess safety and survival (OS) in patients with HCC treated with SIRT, to stratify patients with tumor vascularization and analyze the impact of sequential sorafenib treatment. Methods: Thirty-nine patients who received SIRT for HCC between 2010 and 2013 at our center were included in this retrospective analysis. Tumor vascularization was assessed using a combination of MRI, MAA-scintigraphy and angiography. Tumor vascularization was correlated with survival. Subgroups are treated with two commercially available 90Y-labeled products SIR-Spheres (n = 16) and TheraSpheres (n = 23) and sequential therapy with sorafenib compared to SIRT only was analyzed. Results: Adverse events occurred in 49% of patients with only four grade 3 and no grade 4 event. Median survival for all patients was 12.5 months (95% CI: 8.7 - 16.3). No significant differences were detectable between Thera Spheres or SIR Spheres. Survival was shorter in patients with low tumor vascularization score (OS: 3.8 months (95% CI 0 - 15.0), p = 0.043). Survival was longer with sorafenib upon progression after SIRT (n=16) with an OS of 17.4 months (95% CI: 12.1 – 22.7) compared to no sorafenib (n = 13; 9.1 months; 95% CI: 3.0 - 15.1) or progression upon sorafenib before SIRT (n = 10; 8.6 months; 95% CI: 5.5 - 11.7). Conclusions: SIRT is safe in HCC patients. Tumor vascularization by radiography and scintigraphy may predict survival benefit. Sorafenib is active after SIRT and significantly prolongs survival.

SIRT, Sorafenib, Liver Cancer, Y90

Pfeiffenberger, J. , Zimmermann, T. , Gotthardt, D. , Springfeld, C. , Stremmel, W. , Schirmacher, P. , Schulze-Bergkamen, H. , Mehrabi, A. , Michalski, C. , Hoffmann, K. , Kortes, N. , Radeleff, B. , Haberkorn, U. , Kratochwil, C. , Weiss, K. and Grüllich, C. (2017) Outcome Results of Treatment with Selective Internal Radiation Therapy (SIRT) in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single Center Experience. Journal of Cancer Therapy, 8, 349-359. doi: 10.4236/jct.2017.84031.