Author(s)

Simplice Innocent Moussouami^1*, Eddie Janvier Bouhika¹, Florent Nsompi¹, Jean Michel Bazaba Kayilou², François Mbemba¹, Alphonse Massamba²

¹The Effort Laboratory of Physiology, Biomechanics and Nutrition, Superior Institute of Physical Education, Uni-versity Marien NGOUABI, Brazzaville, Congo.
²Interdisciplinary Laboratory, Companies, Sport, Health and Development, National School of Administration and Magistracy, University Marien NGOUABI, Brazzaville, Congo.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and determinants of overall cardiovascular risk among the pygmies of Congo Brazzaville. Methods: Cross-analysis of anthropometric data, clinical and laboratory 273 indigenous subjects including 54 patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and 183 without CVD, aged 29 to 69 years. The cardiovascular risk stratification table WHO/ISH 2003 was used to assess overall cardiovascular risk level. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the independent determinants of cardiovascular risk using the global left ventricular hypertrophy as a marker. Results: Fifty-four subjects had cardiovascular disease (CVD), including 31 women (36.7%). They were aged 51.9 ± 12.4 years (p < 0.05) and showed a high blood pressure in short-long (100 ± 77 vs 32 ± 48 months; p < 0.001). It was also found a pulse pressure, PPO (58 ± 8 vs 51 ± 4 mmHg). In multivariate analysis, HDL-C levels, fasting glucose, age greater than 50 years and the higher parity or equalizes to 5 among women have emerged as key determinants of CVD risk. Conclusion: Whatever the stage, arterial hypertension in this study is associated at the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) high at the Pygmies of Congo, emphasizing the need for a more aggressive follow-up strategy.

Cardiovascular Risk, Determinants, Prevalence, Pygmy Congo

Moussouami, S. , Bouhika, E. , Nsompi, F. , Kayilou, J. , Mbemba, F. and Massamba, A. (2016) Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases in the Congo-Brazzaville Pygmies. World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, 211-217. doi: 10.4236/wjcd.2016.67023.