Author(s)

Brahiman Traore^1,2, Kokou Esso Atcholi¹, Ouro-Djobo Samah³, Samuel Gomes¹, Tibi Beda⁴

¹Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, IRTES EA7274, Belfort, France.
²Laboratoire de Géomateriaux, Université Félix Houphouet Boigny Cocody-Abidjan, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire.
³Unité de Recherche sur les Agroressources et la Santé Environnementale (URASE), Université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo.
⁴Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroun.

Requirements for the respect of the environment encourage to reduce the impact of human activity on the nature. Civil engineering answers these requirements by the development of ecological construction materials. This paper deals with the transformation of clay raw materials which enable the processing of environmentally friendly construction materials: in addition to their biodegradability, the alveolar fired clay materials allow energy saving in home heating thanks to their thermal isolation properties. But their manufacturing is a high energy consumption process, in particular during compaction, drying and firing which contribute to the emission of greenhouse gases. The goal of this paper is to study the rheology of clay pastes in order to develop low energy in manufacturing processes. For this purpose, theoretical and experimental approaches were carried out on six clay varieties. In the theoretical approach, a finite element (FE) simulation model has been developed for pressing a non-rigid material predicting deformations and stresses occurring within the clay structure. Experiments have then been carried out to validate the finite element modelling. In this experimental approach, the clay pastes were transformed with water content respecting the Atterberg limits which determine the plasticity of clays. The samples compaction has been carried out under variable loadings in order to determine the suitable low energy consumption loading.

Simulation Model, Environmentally Friendly, Construction Materials, Rheological Behaviour, Clay Materials, Energy Saving

Traore, B., Atcholi, K.E., Samah, O.-D., Gomes, S. and Beda, T. (2016) Numerical Simulation and Experimental Characterization of Clay Paste under Loads for Energy Saving in Clay Materials Processing. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 4, 154-163. doi: 10.4236/jmmce.2016.42015.