Relationship of Soil Moisture and Reflected GPS Signal Strength ()
Affiliation(s)
1Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.
2Edisto REC, Clemson University, Blackville, SC, USA.
3Mathematical Sciences Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.
4South Carolina State University, Orangeburg, SC, USA.
5NASA Langley Research Center, NASA, Hampton, VA, USA.
ABSTRACT
Many agricultural fields across the country have a high degree of variability in soil type and water
holding capacity that affects irrigation management. One way to overcome problems associated
with the field variability for improving irrigation management is to utilize a site-specific irrigation
system. This system applies water to match the needs of individual management zones within a
field. A real-time continuous soil moisture measurement is essential for the success of site-specific
irrigation systems. Recently the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) developed
sensor technology that records the global positioning system (GPS) signal reflected from the surface
of Earth, which estimates the dielectric properties of soil and can be used to estimate soil
moisture contents. The overall objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of utilizing
GPS-based technology developed by NASA for soil moisture measurements and to determine the
influence of soil type, soil compaction, and ground cover on the measurements. The results
showed strong positive correlations between soil moisture and reflected signals. Other factors
(soil compaction and soil type), were not significantly related to reflectivity and did not significantly
change the relationship between reflectivity and soil moisture contents. In addition, ground
cover (rye crop) did not significantly reduce reflectivity. Therefore, this system could be used as a
real-time and continuous nonintrusive soil moisture sensor for site-specific irrigation scheduling
and watershed management.
Share and Cite:
Privette III, C. , Khalilian, A. , Bridges, W. , Katzberg, S. , Torres, O. , Han, Y. , Maja, J. and Qiao, X. (2016) Relationship of Soil Moisture and Reflected GPS Signal Strength.
Advances in Remote Sensing,
5, 18-27. doi:
10.4236/ars.2016.51002.