Author(s)

Ahmed El-Tahir^1*, Abdulaziz F. AL-Kaabbab², Muaawia Ahmed Hamza¹, Abdullah A. Saeed¹, Abdulshakour Abdalla¹, May F. AlMohareb¹, Hana S. Alfaleh¹, Gwiria M. H. Satti^1,3

¹Faculty of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Ministry of Health, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
²Faculty of Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
³Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the adipokine resistin in Saudi diabetic patients and those at high risk to develop atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Methodology: One hundred and sixty seven subjects were recruited for the cross-sectional study at King Fahad Medical City, Saudi Arabia. Blood samples were analyzed for biochemical parameters. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and resistin levels were measured for all the participants. Result: Fifty six type-1, 55 type-2 diabetic patients and 56 healthy controls were recruited. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in the control group was 44.21 ± 41.80 μg/ml compared to 50.67 ± 35.60 μg/ml in the diabetic group (P = 0.427) with no significant different between type-2 diabetes mellitus and type-1 diabetes mellitus (P = 0.628). Resistin level in the control group was 14.00 ± 7.39μg/ml compared to 20.21 ± 16.94 μg/ml in the diabetic group (P ≤ 0.01), no significant difference between type-2 diabetes mellitus and type-1 diabetes mellitus (P = 0.817). Resistin in those taking vitamin D supplementation was 21.34 ± 18.27 μg/ml; and in those not taking vitamin D supplementation, it was 17.4 ± 11.19 μg/ml; (P = 0.237). There was significant negative correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and resistin in type-2 diabetes mellitus (P ≤ 0.043) and no significant correlation was found between vitamin 25 (OH) D and resistin level in type-1 diabetes mellitus (P = 0.538). Blood urea and creatinine showed significant positive correlation with vitamin 25 (OH) D in one hand and resistin level on the other hand. Discussion and Conclusions: Several in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed that the vitamin 25 (OH) D have numerous important functions in the body. The circulating vitamin 25 (OH) D and resistin levels were associated with general inflammation in renal diseases. This study showed significant negative correlation between resistin level and vitamin 25 (OH) D in type 2 diabetes mellitus reflecting their roles in glucose homeostasis. The positive correlation of resistin and vitamin D with urea may reflect their involvement in kidney dysfunction. The level of serum resistin showed slight increase in diabetic patients compared to control group and it was higher in type-2 diabetes mellitus. More efforts are needed to explore the physiological mechanism of vitamin 25 (OH) D and resistin action in metabolic disorders.

25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Resistin, Diabetes Mellitus, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

El-Tahir, A. , AL-Kaabbab, A. , Hamza, M. , Saeed, A. , Abdalla, A. , AlMohareb, M. , Alfaleh, H. and Satti, G. (2016) The Relationship between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Resistin Levels in Saudi Diabetic Patients. Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 6, 102-108. doi: 10.4236/ojemd.2016.62014.