Author(s)

Noorhana Yahya, Nadeem Nasir, Majid Niaz Akhtar, Muhammad Kashif, Tanvir Hussain, Hasnah Mohd Zaid, Afza Shafie

Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Tronoh, Malayia.
Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Tronoh, Malayia; 3Fundamental and Applied Science Department, National Textile University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Fundamental and Applied Science Department, Tronoh, Malayia.
Fundamental and Applied Science Department, Tronoh, Malayia; 2Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Tronoh, Malayia.
Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Malaysia..

The Controlled Source Electromagnetic Method (CSEM) is used for offshore hydrocarbon exploration. Hydrocarbon detection in seabed logging (SBL) is a very challenging task for deep hydrocarbon reservoirs. The electromagnetic field response of an antenna is unable to detect deep hydrocarbon reservoirs due to a weak electromagnetic signal response in the seabed logging environment. This work premise deals with the comparison of the electromagnetic signal strength of a new antenna with a straight antenna and the orientation of an antenna for deep target hydrocarbon exploration. Antenna position and orientation (T_x and T_y) was studied using Computer Simulation Technology software (CST) for deep targets in marine CSEM environments. The model area was assigned as (40 ′ 40 km) to replicate the real seabed environment. From the results, the new dipole antenna shows an 804% and 278% increase in electric and magnetic field strength than the straight antenna. An electric (E) and magnetic (H) field component study was done with and without the presence of a hydrocarbon reservoir. E_x and H_z field component responses with the new antenna at the1 kmtarget were measured in a deep water environment. It was analyzed that the antenna shows 53.10% (E_x) and 83.13% (H_z) field difference in deep water with and without a hydrocarbon reservoir at the30 mantenna position from the sea floor. From the antenna orientation results, it was observed that, the electric field E_x and magnetic field H_z responses decreased from 18% to 12% and 21% to 16%, respectively but was still able to detect the deep target hydrocarbon reservoir at the4 kmtarget depth. This EM antenna may open new frontiers for the oil and gas industry for deep target hydrocarbon detection (HC).

Control Source Electromagnetic (CSEM); Seabed Logging (SBL); Antenna; Computer Simulation Technology (CST); Hydrocarbon (HC)

N. Yahya, N. Nasir, M. Akhtar, M. Kashif, T. Hussain, H. Zaid and A. Shafie, "Electromagnetic Response Studies of the Antenna for Deep Water Deep Target CSEM Environments," Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications, Vol. 4 No. 12, 2012, pp. 513-522. doi: 10.4236/jemaa.2012.412072.