Author(s)

Oumar Bassoum^1,2*, Awa Ba-Diallo³, Ndèye Marème Sougou^1,2, Mamadou Makhtar Mbacke Lèye^1,2, Mayassine Diongue^1,2, Ndèye Fatou Cissé⁴, Adama Faye^1,2, Ibrahima Seck^1,2, Djibril Fall⁴, Anta Tal-Dia^1,2

¹Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.
²Institute of Health and Development, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.
³Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, National University Hospital Center, Dakar, Senegal.
⁴Laboratory of Therapeutic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a threat to global health. Community pharmacists are among the most accessible health professionals. Therefore, their role in improving antibiotic use and subsequently in fighting resistance is crucial. The objective of this study was to evaluate community pharmacists’ knowledge, practices and perceptions on antibiotic use and resistance. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in community pharmacies located in the departments of Guediawaye and Pikine, Senegal. The study took place between November 2017 and February 2018. A total of 121 community pharmacies were located. In each of them, we planned to include one pharmacist. A self-administered questionnaire was used. The data were analyzed using Epi Info 7. The analysis was descriptive. Variables were expressed as number (n) and percentage (%). Results: The response rate was 75.2%. The majority mistakenly thought that antibiotics are always effective against sore throat (64.8%), bronchitis (51.6%), paronychia (72.5%) and dental caries (65.9%). Most respondents knew that self-medication (96.7%), poor treatment compliance (94.5%), inappropriate antibiotic dispensing (79.1%), inappropriate antibiotic prescribing (85.7%) were causes of resistance. Further, causes such as poor hand hygiene and lack of immunization were cited by 9.9% and 6.6% of participants. Moreover, 25.2% knew that third-generation cephalosporins, macrolides and quinolones are critically important antibiotics. In addition, 96.7% and 90.2% said to dispense antibiotics without a prescription and to contact prescribers in case of doubt about the reliability of an antibiotic prescription, respectively. The majority was of the opinion that some antibiotic prescriptions were inadequate (29.7%) and that the consumption of antibiotics was high (92.3%). Conclusion: This study showed a lack of knowledge among community pharmacists practicing in Guediawaye and Pikine towards antibiotic use and resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to sensitize them. Further studies should be conducted to better understand the beliefs and behavior of community pharmacists regarding antibiotic use and resistance.

Community Pharmacists, Knowledge, Practices, Senegal, Antibiotic Resistance

Bassoum, O. , Ba-Diallo, A. , Sougou, N. , Lèye, M. , Diongue, M. , Cissé, N. , Faye, A. , Seck, I. , Fall, D. and Tal-Dia, A. (2019) Community Pharmacists’ Knowledge, Practices and Perceptions on Antibiotic Use and Resistance: A Cross-Sectional, Self-Administered Questionnaire Survey, in Guediawaye and Pikine, Senegal. Open Journal of Epidemiology, 9, 289-308. doi: 10.4236/ojepi.2019.94021.