Author(s)

Tania Rahman^1,2*, Md Ferdous Seraj³, Silvia Buroni⁴

¹Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
²Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia.
³School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
⁴Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.

Cholera continues to be one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among children and adults in developing countries. Vaccine against cholera is an approach in the control of this epidemic and pandemic disease. From the development of very early oral cholera vaccine, advances in vaccine development documented due to a good illustration of the epidemiology, outbreak strategy, and pathophysiology of the disease causing pathogen. The newer-generation oral cholera vaccines are safe and guarantee a high level of protection during outbreak settings for several years. Yet infants and young children in developing countries are hyporesponsive to vaccines and show poor protection against cholera. In this review, we survey and analyse our current knowledge on the etiology of cholera, its clinical manifestation, global epidemiology and elaborate the vaccine candidates, which are effective against the pathogen and the corresponding immune responses to the available vaccines. These reviews comprehensively cover the salient features of recent discoveries related to Vibrio cholerae virulence, past and present vaccine candidates and their advantages and disadvantages with their development strategies. We believe that the advances that have been included in this review will give a comprehensive insight to the prevention and control of cholera outbreaks and development of effective cholera vaccines.

Vibrio cholerae, Serogroup O1, O139, Cholera Toxin, LPS, Vibriocidal Antibodies, IgA Antibodies, Heat-Killed Whole Cell Vaccine, Live Attenuated Oral Vaccine

Rahman, T. , Seraj, M. and Buroni, S. (2018) Lessons from Vibrio Pathogen and the Comparative Study of Vaccines Developed. Advances in Microbiology, 8, 950-964. doi: 10.4236/aim.2018.812064.