ABSTRACT
Introduction: The research focuses on the
clinical study of cerebral angioarchitectonics and microcirculation disorders
in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in comparison with other
neurodegenerative and ischemic lesions. Materials and methods: 1117 patients with different types
and stages of neurodegenerative and ischemic lesions were examined, 93 of whom
(8.33%) had different stages of AD—Test Group; 1024 (91.67%) had cerebral
atherosclerosis, Binswanger disease (BD), vascular Parkinsonism (VP)—Control
Group. The examination included definition of CDR, MMSE, cerebral CT, MRI,
cerebral sciagraphy (SG), rheoencephalography (REG), morphometric detection of
AD stages with TDR, and cerebral multi-gated
angiography (MUGA). Results: In all patients with AD, regardless of the disease stage, specific сerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), manifested by
dyscirculatory angiopathy of Alzheimer’s type (DAAT), was detected in the temporal and fronto-parietal areas. Conclusions: DAAT is an AD-specific lesion of cerebral microvessels that changes
hemodynamics, causes cerebral hypoxia, and contributes to impaired amyloid beta
metabolism. The combination of deposition of amyloid beta in the cerebral
tissue and vascular wall, as well as specific disorders of microcirculation,
cause neurodegeneration and AD development. Patients with other neurodegenerative
and ischemic lesions had no DAAT manifestations.