Technological innovation of agricultural science and technology (AST) of enterprises plays an important role in the development of high-tech agriculture. Enhancing technological innovation capability is the key for Agricultural Science and Technology (AST) enterprises to develop sustainably. This study examines the main dimensions and characteristics of the AST enterprises’ technological innovation. In-depth interview method is employed in this paper. The finding points out that R&D capability and marketing capability are two important capabilities of technological innovation. And the characteristics of R&D and marketing of AST enterprises are summarized. Finally, the article discusses the conclusions and implications of the study.