Recsod^? has been used for treating epilepsy and ophthalmological disease. Oxidative stress has been demonstrated to be a pathogenic chain of these diseases. Parameters of pro- and antioxidant systems were studied in all the patients treated. Recsod^? drug was shown to produce positive effect in all the patients. Improvement of patients’ clinical condition correlated with an increase in antioxidant activities. Antioxidants, in particular, the recombinant human SOD drug, proved to be effective in treatment of some neurological and ophthalmological diseases.