Efficient Three-Party Quantum Secure Direct Communication with EPR Pairs

Xunru Yin, Wenping Ma, Dongsu Shen, Chaoyang Hao

Shandong Taikai Electric Automation Co., Ltd., Tai’an, China.
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi’an, China.

DOI: 10.4236/jqis.2013.31001                

Abstract

In order to get rid of the drawback of information leakage which existed in Chong et al.’s protocol (Opt. Commun., 284, 2011, 515-518), an efficient three-party quantum secure direct communication (3P-QSDC) based on some ideas of quantum dense coding with EPR pairs is proposed, in which each entangled pair can be used to exchange a longer length of secret message between three legal users. By improving the classical channels and the qubit transmissions, our scheme can avoid this kind of drawback. Thus the secret messages are not leaked out to other people from the public information. Moreover, compared with Chong et al.’s protocol, our protocol can achieve higher efficiency.

Keywords

Quantum Secure Direct Communication; Quantum Dense Coding; Protocol Efficiency

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	G. L. Long and X. S. Liu, “Theoretically Efficient High-Capacity Quantum Key Distribution Scheme,” Physics Review A, Vol. 65, No. 3, 2002, Article ID: 032302. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.65.032302
[2]	A Beige, B. G. Englert, C. Kurtsiefer, et al., “Secure Communication with A Publicly Known Key,” Acta Physics Polonica A, Vol. 101, No. 3, 2002, pp. 357-368.
[3]	K. Bostrom and T. Felbinger, “Deterministic Secure Direct Communication Using Entanglement,” Physics Review Letters, Vol. 89, No. 18, 2002, pp. 187902-187905. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.187902
[4]	J. Li, H. Jin and B. Jing, “Improved Quantum ‘Pingpong’ Protocol Based on GHZ State and Classical XOR Operation,” Science in China Series G, Vol. 54, No. 9, 2011, pp. 1612-1618.
[5]	F. G. Deng, G. L. Long and X. S. Liu, “Two-Step Quantum Direct Communication Protocol Using the Einstein- Podolsky-Rosen Pair Block,” Physics Review A, Vol. 68, No. 4, 2003, Article ID: 042317. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.68.042317
[6]	F. L. Yan and X. Q. Zhang, “A Scheme for Secure Direct Communication Using EPR Pairs and Teleportation,” European Physical Journal B, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2004, pp. 75-78. doi:10.1140/epjb/e2004-00296-4
[7]	B. A. Nguyen, “Quantum Dialogue,” Physics Letters A, Vol. 328, No. 1, 2004, pp. 6-10. doi:10.1016/j.physleta.2004.06.009
[8]	X. Ji and S. Zhang, “Secure Quantum Dialogue Based on Single-Photon,” Chinese Physics, Vol. 15, No. 7, 2006, pp. 1418-1420. doi:10.1088/1009-1963/15/7/005
[9]	Y. G. Yang and Q. Y. Wen, “Quasi-Secure Quantum Dialogue Using Single Photons,” Science in China Series G, Vol. 50, No. 5, 2007, pp. 558-562. doi:10.1007/s11433-007-0057-3
[10]	X. R. Jin, X. Ji, S. Zhang, et al., “Three-Party Quantum Secure Direct Communication Based on GHZ States,” Physics Letters A, Vol. 354, No. 1-2, 2006, pp. 67-70. doi:10.1016/j.physleta.2006.01.035
[11]	Z. X. Man and Y. J. Xia, “Improvement of Security of Three-Party Quantum Secure Direct Communication Based on GHZ States,” Chinese Physics Letters, Vol. 24, No. 1, 2007, pp. 15-18. doi:10.1088/0256-307X/24/1/005
[12]	A. Chamoli and C. M. Bhandari, “Secure Direct Communication Based on Ping-pong Protocol,” Quantum Information Processing, Vol. 8, No. 4, 2009, pp. 347-356. doi:10.1007/s11128-009-0112-2
[13]	M. Y. Wang and F. L. Yan, “Three-Party Simultaneous Quantum Secure Direct Communication Scheme with EPR Pairs,” Chinese Physics Letters, Vol. 24, No. 9, 2007, pp. 2486-2488. doi:10.1088/0256-307X/24/9/007
[14]	S. K. Chong and T. Hwang, “The Enhancement of Three-party Simultaneous Quantum Secure Direct Communication Scheme with EPR Pairs,” Optics Communication, Vol. 284, No. 1, 2011, pp. 515-518. doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2010.08.037
[15]	F. Gao, F. Z. Guo, Q. Y. Wen, et al., “Revisiting The Security of Quantum Dialogue and Bidirectional Quantum Secure Direct Communication,” Science in China Series G, Vol. 51, No. 5, 2008, pp. 559-566. doi:10.1007/s11433-008-0065-y
[16]	Y. G. Tan and Q. Y. Cai, “Classical Correlation in Quantum Dialogue,” International Journal of Quantum Information, Vol. 6, No. 2, 2008, pp. 325-329. doi:10.1142/S021974990800344X
[17]	A. Cabello, “Quantum Key Distribution in the Holevo Limit,” Physics Review Letters, Vol. 85, No. 26, 2000, pp. 5635-5638. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.5635