Nitrogen fertilization effects on grain quality of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) varieties in central Ethiopia

Leta Gerba, Belay Getachew, Worku Walelign

Awassa College of Agriculture, University of Hawassa, Awassa, Ethiopia.
Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), The Alliance for Commodity Trade in Eastern and Southern Africa (ACTESA), Lusaka, Zambia.
The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), The International Water Management Institute (IWMI) in Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

DOI: 10.4236/as.2013.43019                

Abstract

Four released durum wheat varieties, two medium tall (Arsi-Robe and Kilinto) and two recently released semidwarfs (Ude and Yerer) were evaluated under five different N rates (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg·ha^-1) in 2005/06 growing season at Akaki and Debre Zeit, central Ethiopia. The quality responses of durum wheat varieties to different N-fertilizer rates and the N responses between tall and short durum wheat varieties were assessed. Protein and gluten content, vitreous kernel count, thousand kernel weight, test weight and lodging were considered. Vitreous kernel count, protein and gluten content were higher at Debre Zeit than at Akaki. Unlike Debre Zeit, there were significant relationships between response variables and fertilizer levels at Akaki. Lodging slightly affected the medium tall varieties at Debre Zeit whereas it was not a problem at Akaki. At Akaki, varieties response to each additional N rate was entirely below the quality standard set by ICC, 2000 except for thousandkernel weight. Therefore, it is unwise to promote durum wheat scaling up/out program for quality production at Akaki.

Keywords

Gluten Content; N-Fertilization; Protein Content; Thousand Kernel Weight; Test Weight; Vitreous Kernel Count

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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