Effect of 1-MCP on Gas Exchange and Carbohydrate Concentrations of the Cotton Flower and Subtending Leaf under Water-Deficit Stress

Dimitra A. Loka, Derrick M. Oosterhuis

Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, USA.

DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2013.41019                

Abstract

Ethylene is an endogenous plant hormone that increases under adverse environmental conditions, resulting in leaf and fruit abscission and ultimately yield reduction. In cotton, however, the effects of water-deficit stress on ethylene production have been uncertain. In this study it was hypothesized that application of an ethylene inhibitor 1-Methylcyclo- propene (1-MCP) would prevent ethylene production and result in alleviation of water-deficit stress consequences on the physiology and metabolism of the cotton flower and subtending leaf. To test this hypothesis, growth chamber experiments were conducted in 2009-2010 with treatments consisting of (C) untreated well-watered control, (C + 1MCP) well-watered plus 1-MCP, (WS) untreated water-stressed control, and (WS + 1MCP) water-stressed plus 1-MCP. The plants were subjected to two consecutive drying cycles during flowering, approximately 8 weeks after planting, and 1-MCP was foliar applied at a rate of 10g. ai/ha at the beginning of each drying cycle. The results showed that 1-MCP application had no significant effect on gas exchange functions and did not prevent reductions from water stress in leaf photosynthesis, respiration and stomatal conductance. However, application of 1-MCP resulted in a decrease in sucrose content of water-stressed pistils compared to the control indicating that 1-MCP has the potential to interfere in carbohydrate metabolism of reproductive units.

Keywords

Cotton; 1-Methylcyclopropene; Ethylene; Water-Deficit Stress; Carbohydrates; Gas Exchange

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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