Effect of dietary vanadium on small intestinal morphology in broilers

Kangping Wang, Hengmin Cui, Xi Peng, Zhicai Zuo, Jing Fang, Junliang Deng, Yuanxin Deng, Wei Cui, Bangyuan Wu

Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China.

DOI: 10.4236/health.2012.49105                

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary vanadium on small intestinal morphology of broilers by the methods of light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A total of 420 one-day-old avian broilers were divided into six groups (seven replicates in each group and ten broilers in each replicate) and fed on a control diet or the same diet supplemented with 5, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mg/kg vanadium in the form of ammonium metavanadate for 42 days. In comparison with those in the control group, the intestinal villus heights were decreased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) in the 30, 45 and 60 mg/kg groups, and crypt depths and villus height/crypt depth ratio were decreased in the 45 and 60 mg/kg groups. Ultrastructurally, the microvilli were apparently sparse and short, and the numbers of lysosomes were increased in abovementioned three intestines in the 45 and 60 mg/kg groups at 42 days of age. In conclusion, dietary vanadium in excess of 30 mg/kg could alter the villus height, crypt depth, villus height/crypt depth ratio and ultrastructure, which might impact the development of small intestines in broilers.

Keywords

Vanadium; Villus; Crypt; Microvillus; Intestine; Broiler

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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