Factors associated with intention to undergo specific health guidance among Japanese workers using health belief model

Kumiko Yamamoto, Marie Mizoshita, Rie Akamatsu

Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan.

DOI: 10.4236/ojpm.2012.22027                

Abstract

Objectives: To examine the factors associated with the intention to undergo “specific health guidance”. Methods: Self-reported questionnaire data were collected from 4861 health insurance union members of a company in Japan from August to September 2010. The information gathered included the intention to undergo “specific health guidance,” the Health Belief Model (HBM) subcomponents (perceived severity, susceptibility, benefit, and barriers), other factors related to undergoing specific health guidance, sex, and age. Perceived threat and net benefit were the main HBM components. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the associations between intention and the main HBM components, i.e., perceived threat and net benefit. We used two models with intention as the dependent variable; Model 1 used four HBM subcomponents, and Model 2 used perceived threat and net benefit as independent variables. Results: A total of 3457 individuals answered all variables (response rate; 71.1%). Perceived severity (OR: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.59 - 2.10), benefit (OR: 6.91, 95%CI: 5.94 - 8.04), barriers (OR: 0.11, 95%CI: 0.09 - 0.13), perceived threat (OR: 1.52, 95%CI: 1.31 - 1.76), and net benefit (OR: 11.28, 95%CI: 9.60 - 13.25) were related to intention (all p < 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that net benefit (OR: 11.23, 95%CI: 9.55 - 13.20) had a stronger correlation with intention than did perceived benefit (OR: 4.67, 95%CI: 3.95 - 5.51) and barriers (OR: 0.15, 95%CI: 0.13 - 0.18) (all p < 0.01). Conclusions: The results suggested that the main HBM components may predict health behavior better than the subcomponents. These results may effectively promote the benefits of, and reduce barriers to, programs aiming to increase participation in specific health guidance.

Keywords

Patient Participation; Health Belief Model; Net Benefit; Japanese; Health Guidance

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2006) National Health and Nutrition Survey. http://www.mhlw.go.jp/houdou/2008/04/dl/h0430-2c.pdf
[2]	Office for Life-Style Related Diseases Control Health Service Bureau Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. (2006) Outline for the results of the National Health and Nutrition Survey Japan. http://www.nih.go.jp/eiken/english/research/pdf/nhns2006_outline.pdf
[3]	Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (2007) Chapter 4: Future health promotion and medicine—Reforming the medical architecture. In: The white paper of the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Heisei 19, KouseiToukeiKyokai, Tokyo, 97-161.
[4]	Muramoto, A., Yamamoto, N., Nakamura, M., et al. (2010) Effect of intensive lifestyle intervention programs on metabolic syndrome and obesity: How much weight reduction is needed to improve metabolic comorbidities? Journal of Japan Society for the Study of Obesity, 16, 182-187.
[5]	Moriguchi, J., Matsuo, F., Ejima, K., et al. (2011) Effectiveness of specific health guidance against metabolic syndrome. Official Journal of Japan Society of Ningen Dock, 26, 75-79.
[6]	Ohnishi, C., Eba, I., Fukuchi, K., et al. (2011) Effect of specific health guidance on patients with extremely high serum triglyceride levels. Official Journal of Japan Society of Ningen Dock,25, 831-836.
[7]	Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2010) About implementation status of specific health checkup and specific health guidance in 2008. http://www.mhlw.go.jp/bunya/shakaihosho/iryouseido01/pdf/info03n-01.pdf
[8]	Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2011) About implementation status of specific health checkup and specific health guidance in 2009. http://www.mhlw.go.jp/bunya/shakaihosho/iryouseido01/dl/info03_h21_00.pdf
[9]	Braeckman, L., Maes, L., Bellemans, M., et al. (1998) Workers participation in a nutrition education programme. Archives of Public Health, 56, 275-289.
[10]	Groeneveld, I.F., Proper, K.I., van der Beek, A.J., et al. (2009) Factors associated with non-participation and drop-out in a lifestyle intervention for workers with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 6, 80. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-6-80
[11]	Kruger, J., Yore, M.M., Bauer, D.R., et al. (2007) Selected barriers and incentives for worksite health promotion services and policies. American Journal of Health Promotion, 21, 439-447. doi:10.4278/0890-1171-21.5.439
[12]	Middlestadt, S.E., Sheats, J.L., Geshnizjani, A., et al. (2011) Factors associated with participation in work-site wellness programs: Implications for increasing willingness among rural service employees. Health Education and Behavior, 38, 502-509. doi:10.1177/1090198110384469
[13]	Anspaugh, D.J., Hunter, S. and Savage, P. (1996) Enhancing employee participation in Corporate Health Promotion Programs. American Journal of Health Behavior, 20, 112-120.
[14]	Mavis, B.E., Stachnik, T.J., Gibson, C.A., et al. (1992) Issues related to participation in worksite health promotion: A preliminary study. American Journal of Health Promotion, 7, 53-60. doi:10.4278/0890-1171-7.1.53
[15]	Gucciardi, E., Cameron, J.I., Liao, C.D., et al. (2007) Program design features that can improve participation in health education interventions. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 7, 47. doi:10.1186/1471-2288-7-47
[16]	Veitch, J., Clavisi, O. and Owen, N. (1999) Physical activity initiatives for male factory workers: Gatekeepers’ perceptions of potential motivators and barriers. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 23, 505-510. doi:10.1111/j.1467-842X.1999.tb01307.x
[17]	Alexy, B.B. (1991) Factors associated with participation or non-participation in a workplace wellness center. Research in Nursing and Health, 14, 33-40.
[18]	Fletcher, G.M., Behrens, T.K. and Domina, L. (2008) Barriers and enabling factors for work-site physical activity programs: a qualitative examination. Journal of Physical Activity andHealth, 5, 418-429.
[19]	Sallis, J.F., Hovell, M.F. and Hofstetter, C.R. (1992) Predictors of adoption and maintenance of vigorous physical activity in men and women. Preventive Medicine, 21, 237-251. doi:10.1016/0091-7435(92)90022-A
[20]	Janz, N.K. and Becker, M.H. (1984) The Health Belief Model: A decade later. Health Education Quarterly, 11, 1-47. doi:10.1177/109019818401100101
[21]	Champion, V.L. and Skinner, C.S. (2008) The Health Belief Model. In: Glanz, K., Rimer, B.K. and Viswanath, K. Eds., Health behavior and health education: Theory, research, and practice. 4th Edition, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, 189-193.
[22]	Blue, C.L. and Valley, J.M. (2002) Predictors of influenza vaccine. Acceptance among healthy adult workers. Official Journal of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses, 50, 227-233.
[23]	Shahrabani, S. and Benzion, U. (2010) Workplace vaccination and other factors impacting influenza vaccination decision among employees in Israel. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 7, 853-869. doi:10.3390/ijerph7030853
[24]	Hay, J.L., Ford, J.S., Klein, D., et al. (2003) Adherence to colorectal cancer screening in mammography-adherent older women. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 26, 553-576. doi:10.1023/A:1026253802962
[25]	Cam, O. and Gumus, A.B. (2009) Breast cancer screening behavior in Turkish women: Relationships with health beliefs and self-esteem, body perception and hopelessness. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 10, 49-56.
[26]	Carpenter, C.J. (2010) A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of health belief model variables in predicting behavevior. Health Communication, 25, 661-669. doi:10.1080/10410236.2010.521906
[27]	Painter, J.E., Sales, J.M., Pazol, K., et al. (2010) Psychosocial correlates of intention to receive an influenza vaccination among rural adolescents. Health Education Research, 25, 853-864. doi:10.1093/her/cyq037
[28]	Morowatisharifabad, M.A. (2009) The Health Belief Model variables as predictors of risky driving behaviors among commuters in Yazd, Iran. Traffic Injury Prevention, 10, 436-440. doi:10.1080/15389580903081016