English Language Learning Strategies of Malaysian Secondary School Students: Implication for Inter-Cultural Communication

Abstract

English is unquestionably the contemporary language of science, technology, commerce, intercultural communication and scholarship. It is consists of accomplished growing importance in the world. Consequently, in Malaysia concerned parents, researchers, scientists and instructors that know the inevitable impact English language possess over the academic and socio-economic progress of the students clamour for English proficiency. In Malaysia, English is not only the second language in importance but also a school and college subject, and language of instruction of science and mathematics. Interestingly, ESL/EFL studies nowadays are devoted to finding out techniques employed by learners. It is against this backdrop that this study was carried out to discover strategy use among ESL students in Malaysian secondary schools to look further at the implication of their strategy use with regards to inter-cultural communication. Oxford’s SILL Questionnaire was administered to 180 secondary school students and SPSS 7.0 version was used for analysis. Findings reveal the dominance of indirect learning techniques, meaning high anxiety, dependence heavily on peers and teachers to learn English and fewer practice of the oral language. The study recommends the teaching of learning techniques to students and positive exploitation of core-curricular activities that will create and sustain constant practicing of English language among students to facilitate inter-cultural communication.

Share and Cite:

Razak, N. and Babikkoi, M. (2014) English Language Learning Strategies of Malaysian Secondary School Students: Implication for Inter-Cultural Communication. Sociology Mind, 4, 206-212. doi: 10.4236/sm.2014.42020.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] Chamot, A. (1987). The Learning Strategies of ESL Students. In A. Wenden, & J. Rubin (Eds.), Learner Strategy in Language Learning (pp. 71-83). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, Inc.
[2] Cohen, A. D. (1998). Strategies in Learning and Using a Second Language. Harlow: Addison Wesley.
[3] Ellis, R. (1994). The Study of Second Language Acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[4] Embi, M. A. (2000) Language Learning Strategies: A Malaysian Context. Ph.D. Thesis, Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
[5] Fewell, N. (2010). Language Learning Strategies and English Language Proficiency: An Investigation of Japanese EFL University Students. TESOL Journal, 2, 159-174.
[6] Ganakumaran, S. (2003). Literature Programmes in Malaysian Schools: A Historical Overview. In Ganakumaran, S. (Ed.), Teaching of Literature in ESL/EFL Contexts (pp. 27-48). Petaling Jaya: Sasbadi Sdn. Bhd.
[7] Green, J. M., & Oxford, R. L. (1995). A Closer Look at Learning Strategies, L2 Proficiency, and Gender. TESOL Quarterly, 29, 261-297. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3587625
[8] Jamieson, J., & Chapelle, C. (1987). Working Styles on Computers as Evidence of Second Language Learning Strategies. Language Learning, 37, 523-544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1987.tb00583.x
[9] Lin, Y., & Rancer, A. S. (2003). Ethnocentrism, Intercultural Communication Apprehension, Intercultural Willingness-toCommunicate, and Intentions to Participate in an Intercultural Dialogue Program: Testing a Proposed Model. Communication Research Reports, 20, 62-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08824090309388800
[10] McIntyre, P. D. (1994). Toward a Social Psychological Model of Strategy Use. Foreign Language Annuals, 27, 185-195.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.1994.tb01201.x
[11] Neuliep, J. W., & McCroskey, J. C. (1997). The Development of Intercultural and Interethnic Communication Apprehension Scales. Communication Research Reports, 14, 145-156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08824099709388656
[12] Noor, Z. A. R. (2000). Motivational Factors and Learners’ Strategies in the English as a Second Language Classroom at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia with Special Reference to Computer Assisted Language Learning. Unpublished Thesis, Doctor of Philosophy.
[13] Olson, C. L., & Kroeger, K. R. (2001). Global Competency and Intercultural Sensitivity. Journal of Studies in International Education, 5, 116-137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102831530152003
[14] Oxford, R. (1990). Language Learning Strategies: What Every Teacher Should Know. New York: Newbury House Publishers.
[15] Oxford, R. (2001). Language Learning Strategies and Styles. In M. Celce-Murcia (Eds.), Teaching of English as a Second and Foreign Language. Boston: Heinle and Heinle.
[16] Oxford, R. L., Park-Oh, Y., Ito, S., & Sumrall, M. (1993). Japanese by Satellite: Effects of Motivation, Language Learning Styles and Strategies, Gender, Course Level, and Previous Language Learning Experience on Japanese Language Achievement. Foreign Language Annals, 26, 359-371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.1993.tb02292.x
[17] Oxford, R. L., Crookall, D., Cohen, A., Lavine, R., Nyikos, M., & Sutter, W. (1990). Strategy Training for Language Learners: Six Situational Case Studies and a Training Model. Foreign Language Annals, 22, 197-216.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.1990.tb00360.x
[18] Paige, R. et al. (2006). Maximizing Study Abroad: A Student’s Guide to Strategies for Language and Culture Learning and Use (2nd ed.). Minneapolis, MN: Centre for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition, University of Minnesota.
[19] Redmond, M. V., & Bunyi, J. M. (1991). The Relationship of Intercultural Communication Competence with Stress and the Handling of Stress as Reported by International Students. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 17, 235-254.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(93)90027-6
[20] Sercu, L. (2002). Autonomous Learning and the Acquisition of Intercultural Communicative Competence: Some Implications for Course Development. Language, Culture & Curriculum, 15, 61-74.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07908310208666633
[21] Thompson, I., & Rubin, J. (1996). Can Strategy Instruction Improve Listening Comprehension? Foreign Language Annals, 29, 331-342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.1996.tb01246.x
[22] Zhang, M. (2001). Language Learning Strategies and English Language Proficiency: An Investigation of Chinese ESL Students at NUS. Journal of RELT, 51-73.

Copyright © 2023 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.