A Low-Complexity Mobile Watermarking Scheme Resisting Scale Distortions

Dai-Kyung Hyun, Heung-Kyu Lee

Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea.

DOI: 10.4236/jcc.2014.24011                

Abstract

In mobile environment, a low-complexity is the significant feature because the mobile device has very limited resources due to power consumption. In this paper, we propose a low-complexity watermarking scheme for mobile device. We apply the minimum average correlation energy Mellin radial harmonic (MACE-MRH) correlation filter to watermark detection. By the scale tolerance property of MACE-MRH correlation filter, the proposed watermark detector can be robust to scaling attacks. Empirical evidence from a large database of test images indicates outperforming performance of the proposed method.

Keywords

Low-Complexity; Mobile Watermarking; MACE-MRH Correlation Filter

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Cox, I.J. and Miller, M.L. (2001) Electronic Watermarking: The First 50 Years. Proceedings of IEEE International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 225-230.
[2]	Hartung, F. and Kutter, M. (1999) Multimedia Water-marking Technique. Proceedings of IEEE, 87, 1079-1107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5.771066
[3]	Pereira, S. and Pun, T. (2000) Robust Template Matching for Affine Resistant Image Watermarks. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 9, 1123-1129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/83.846253
[4]	O’Ruanaidh, J.J.K. and Pun, T. (1998) Rotation, Scale, and Translation Invariant Spreadspectrum Digital Image Watermarking. Signal Processing, 66, 303-317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1684(98)00012-7
[5]	Alghoniemy, M. and Tewfik, A.H. (2000) Image watermarking by moment invariant. IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 73-76.
[6]	Kerekes, J.R. and Kumar, B. (2006) Correlation Filters with Controlled Scale Response. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 15, 1794-1802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2006.873468
[7]	Oppenheim, A.V. and Schafer, R.W. (1975) Discrete-Time Signal Processing. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs.