Application of resistant starch in bread: processing, proximate composition and sensory quality of functional bread products from wheat flour and African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) flour

Abdoulaye Sankhon, Issoufou Amadou, Wei-Rong Yao

1State Key Laboratory of School of Food Science and Technology/School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Faculte des Sciences de la Nature, Departement de Chimie, Universite Julius Nyerere de Kankan, Guinea.
State Key Laboratory of School of Food Science and Technology/School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China.

DOI: 10.4236/as.2013.45B023                

Abstract

Application of resistant starch prepared from parkia flour was produced by replacement of wheat flour with 0, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30% and 40% Parkia flour. Processing, proximate composition, digestibility of resistant starch in bread and sensory quality were evaluated. Resistant starch was significantly (p < 0.05) increased as Parkia flour level increase in all breads. The resistant starch prepared from Parkia flour was 47.21%. However, wheat bread was 1.47% and Parkia bread 18.52% to 22.28% baked of (200℃ at 45 min) with 2.16% wheat bread and 31.74% to 35.05% Parkia bread baked of (130℃ at 90 min). Supplementation of wheat flour with Parkia flour 0 - 40% increased the crude protein content significantly (p < 0.05) from (7.89% - 15.68%), ash from (0.91% - 2.54%) and crude fiber (1.41% - 4.97%). Color of the bread treatments was remarkably affected by addition of different levels of Parkia flour. Therefore, Parkia flour could be added to wheat flour up to 15% without any observed detrimental effect on bread sensory properties. Sensory evaluation results indicated that bread with 5% to15% Parkia flour were rated the most acceptable and there was no significant difference in terms of acceptability compared to the control. This could be used to improve the nutritional quality of bread especially in developing countries were malnutrition is prevalent.

Keywords

Parkia Flour; Resistant Starch; Bread, Proximate Composition; Sensory Evaluation

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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