Soil Thermal Diffusivity of a Gleyic Solonetz Soil Estimated by Different Methods in the Brazilian Pantanal

Victor H. M. Danelichen, Marcelo S. Biudes, Maísa C. Souza, Nadja G. Machado, Leone F. A. Curado, José S. Nogueira

Postgraduate Program in Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiaba, Brazil;.

DOI: 10.4236/ojss.2013.31003                

Abstract

The soil temperature is an important microclimatic factor due to the interactions between soil and plant, and the energy exchange with the atmosphere. The soil energy exchange is affected by the incident solar radiation, type of coverage and mainly by the soil thermal properties. Among the soil thermal properties, the soil thermal diffusivity is highlighted because it affects the soil temperature profile and soil heat flux transport and distribution. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate different estimates of soil thermal diffusivity of a Gleyic Solonetz soil in the Brazilian Pantanal. The soil thermal diffusivity was determined by the amplitude, logarithmic, arctangent and the phase methods between 0.01 and 0.03 m, 0.01 and 0.07 m and 0.01 and 0.15 m depth. The soil thermal diffusivity estimated by the four methods showed significant differences and varied over the study period as a function of volumetric soil water content. The soil thermal diffusivity estimated by logarithmic methodshowed better performance at different depths, followed by the method of phase.

Keywords

Water Content; MonodominantForest; Soil Thermal Properties; Soil Temperature Profile

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	M. N. Castelnou, D. Floriani, I. A. Vargas and J. B. Dias, “Sustentabilidade Socioambiental e Diálogo de Saberes: O Pantanal Mato-Grossense e Seu Espa?o Vernáculo Como Referência,” Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Vol. 7, 2003, pp. 41-67.
[2]	W. J. Junk and C. N. Cunha, “Pantanal: A Large South American Wetland at a Crossroads,” Ecological Engineering, Vol. 24, No. 4, 2005, pp. 391-401. doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2004.11.012
[3]	E. Gasparim, P. R. Ricieri, S. S. Lima, R. Dallacort and E. Gnoatto, “Temperatura No Perfil Do Solo Utilizando Duas Densidades de Cobertura e Solo Nu,” Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy, Vol. 27, No. 1, 2005, pp. 107-115.
[4]	T. V. R. Rao, B. B. Silva andA. A. Moreira, “Características Termicas do Solo em Salvador, BA.,” Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Vol. 9, No. 4, 2005, pp. 554-559. doi:10.1590/S1415-43662005000400018
[5]	V. H. M. Danelichen and M. S. Biudes, “Avalia??o da Difusividade Térmica de um Solo no Norte do Pantanal,” Ciência e Natura, Vol. 33, No. 8, 2011, pp. 227-240.
[6]	C. C. L. Beber, “Difusividade de Solos do Tipo Latossolo Vermelho em Fun??o do Teor de Umidade,” M. Sc. Thesis, Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Ijuí, 2006.
[7]	E. R. Sch?ffel and M. E. G. Mendes, “Influência da Cobertura Sobre o Perfil Vertical de Temperatura do Solo,” XIV Congresso Brasileiro de Agrometeorologia, Piracicaba, 18-21 July 2005, pp. 1-2.
[8]	R. Horton, E. O. Tyson and T. Ren, “A New Perspective on Soil Thermal Properties,” Soil Science Society of American Journal, Vol. 65, No. 6, 2001, pp. 1641-1647. doi:10.2136/sssaj2001.1641
[9]	M. S. Biudes, J. S. Nogueira, H. J. Dalmagro, N. G. Machado, V. H. M. Danelichen and M. C. Souza, “Mudan?a No Microclima Provocada Pela Convers?o de Uma Floresta de Cambará em Pastagem no Norte do Pantanal,” Revista de Ciências Agro-Ambientais, Vol. 10, 2012, pp. 61-68.
[10]	C. Nunes da Cunha and W. J. Junk, “Year-to-Year Changes in Water Lavel Drive the Invasion of Vochysiadivergens in Pantanal grassland,” Applied Vegetation Science, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2004, pp. 103-110. doi:10.1111/j.1654-109X.2004.tb00600.x
[11]	P. Zeilhofer, “Soil Mapping in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil, Using Multitemporal Landsat TM Data,” Wetlands Ecology and Management, Vol. 14, No. 5, 2006, pp. 445-461. doi:10.1007/s11273-006-0007-2
[12]	R. Horton, P. J. Wierenga and D. R. Nielsen, “Evaluation of Methods for Determining Apparent Thermal Diffusivity of Soils Near the Surface,” Soil Science Society of American Journal, Vol. 47, No. 1, 1983, pp. 25-32. doi:10.2136/sssaj1983.03615995004700010005x
[13]	N. R. Draper and H. Smith, “Applied Regression Analysis,” John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1966.
[14]	S. V. Nerpin and F. Chudnovskii, “Physics of the Soil,” Keter Press, Jerusalem, 1967.
[15]	J. Seemann, “Measuring Technology,” In: J. Seemann, Y. I. Chirkov, J. Lomas and B. Primault, Eds., Agrometeorology, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1979, pp. 40-45. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-67288-0_9
[16]	C. J. Willmott and K. Matssura, “Advantages of the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) over the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) in Assessing Average Model Performance,” Climete Research, Vol. 30, No. 1, 2005, pp. 79-92. doi:10.3354/cr030079
[17]	J. E. M. Pezzopane, G. M. Cunha, E. Arnsholz and M. Costalonga, “Temperatura do Solo em Fun??o da Cobertura Morta por Palha de Café,” Revista Brasileira de Agrometeorologia, Vol. 4, No. 2, 1996, pp. 7-10.
[18]	L. P. Petean, C. A. Tormena and S. J. Alves, “Intervalo Hídrico ótimo de um Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico sob Plantio Direto em um Sistema de Integra??o Lavoura-Pecuária,” Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Vol. 34, No. 5, 2010, pp. 1515-1526. doi:10.1590/S0100-06832010000500004
[19]	J. Thomson, “Observations of Thermal Diffusivity and a Relation to the Porosity of Tidal Flat Sediments,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 115, No. 6, 2010, p. C05016. doi:10.1029/2009JC005968
[20]	V. Bellaver, “Diffusividade Térmica do Solo em área Monodominante de Cambará no Norte do Pantanal MatoGrossense,” M. Sc. Thesis, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso,Cuiabá, 2010.
[21]	E. M. M. Oliveira, H. A. Ruiz, V. H. Alvarez, P. A. Ferreira, F. O. Costa and I. C. C. Almeida, “Nutrient Supply by Mass Flow and Diffusion to Maize Plants in Response to Soil Aggregate Size and Water Potential,” Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Vol. 34, No. 2, 2010, pp. 317-327. doi:10.1590/S0100-06832010000200005
[22]	J. R. S. Souza, M. Makino, R. L. C. Araújo, J. C. P. Cohen and F. M. A. Pinheiro, “Thermal Properties and Heat Fluxes in Soils under Forest and Pasture, in Marabá, PA, Brazil,” Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia, Vol. 21, No. 3a, 2006, pp. 89-103.
[23]	R. C. Santos, “Propriedades Térmicas do Solo: Um Estudo de Caso,” M. Sc. Thesis, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, S?o José dos Campos, 1987.
[24]	T. O. A. Pessoa, “Avalia??o da Influência da Mineralogia, índices de Vazios e Teor de Umidade em Propriedades Térmicas,” M. Sc. Thesis, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2006.
[25]	O. T. Farouki, “Thermal Properties of Soils (Series on Rock and Soil Mechanics),” Trans Tech Publications, 1986.
[26]	A. C. D. Antonino, E. V. S. B. Sampaio, A. Dall’olio and I. H. Salcedo, “Balan?o híDrico em Solo com Cultivos de Subsistência no Semi-árido do Nordeste do Brasil,” Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Vol. 4, No. 1, 2000, pp. 29-34. doi:10.1590/S1415-43662000000100006
[27]	Z. Gao, L. Wang and R. Horton, “Comparison of Six Algorithms to Determine the Soil Thermal Diffusivity at a Site in the Loess Plateau of China,” Journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 6, No. 2, 2009, pp. 2247- 2274. doi:10.5194/hessd-6-2247-2009