Journal of Power and Energy Engineering, 2014, 2, 233-238
Published Online April 2014 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/jpee
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jpee.2014.24033
How to cite this paper: Wang, N., Liang, W., Cheng, Y.N. and Mu, Y.F. (2014) Battery Energy Storage System Information
Modeling Based on IEC 61850. Journal of Power and Energy Engineering, 2, 233-238.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jpee.2014.24033
Battery Energy Storage System Information
Modeling Based on IEC 61850
Nan Wang1, Wei Liang2, Yanan Cheng1, Yunfei Mu3
1State Grid Tianjin Economic Research Institute, Tianjin, China
2State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Research Institute, Tianjin, China
3Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
Received November 2013
Abstract
This paper discourses the typical ways to access system of the battery energy storage system. To
realize the battery energy storage system based on IEC 61850, hierarchical information architec-
ture for battery energy storage system is presented, the general design and implementation me-
thods for device information model are elaborated, and the communication methods of the archi-
tecture are proposed. Example of battery energy storage system information model based on IEC
61850 tests that the battery energy storage system information architecture established is feasi-
ble.
Keywords
IEC 61850; Battery Energy Storage System; Information Modeling
1. Introduction
Using battery energy storage system in the power system can effectively implement demand-side management,
reduce the peak-valley differences between day and night, and strengthen the self-regulating nature of peak-
valley load in the regional power grid; Enhance the security and stability of large power grids and power quality
levels, improve transmission capacity, and increase reliability; Promote renewable energy assessing to grids
large-scaled. Meanwhile, the battery energy storage system is also an important part of the smart grid. Therefore,
energy storage technologies applying in power system will be the development trend of the future power grid [1-3].
Currently, most of the battery energy storage system manufacturers defined device information specifications
by their own way, and there were many different types of communication interfaces, which made the battery
energy storage system subject to many constraints in information integration, operation control and scheduling
management [4]. IEC 61850 uses object-oriented modeling techniques and flexible and scalable communication
architecture, has good device characteristics self-describing capability, can meet the requirements of openness
and interoperability. IEC 61850 Ed1 aims at communication networks and systems in substations; Ed2 extends
coverage to the hydropower, distributed energy and substation automation, etc. which can provide effectively
technical means to plug and play device integration, flexible expansion capabilities and interoperability of the
information model, and other important functions in the battery energy storage system, reduces the difficulty and

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cost of system communication and control interfaces standardization work.
2. Typical Battery Energy Storage System Accessing System Mode
According to different functions in power system, battery energy storage system can be classified into different
groups, such as the peak and valley battery energy storage system, peak shifting and frequency regulation bat-
tery energy storage system, new energy assessing battery energy storage system, and backup power battery
energy storage system, etc. [5]. Different functional battery energy storage systems have different mode assess-
ing to power system, which assess by either substations or power plants.
2.1. Constitutions of the Battery Energy Storage System
The battery energy storage system consists of a step-up transformer and a number of storage branches. Each
storage branch contains a low voltage breaker and a storage unit. The storage unit is the basic unit of battery
energy storage system, which consists of battery pack (BP), battery management system (BMS), and power
conversion system (PCS). The constitution of battery energy storage system is shown in Figure 1.
2.2. Access to Power System by Substation
The wiring of battery energy storage system assessing to power system by substation is shown in Figure 2. The
battery energy storage system connects to 10 kV bus in the 110 kV or 35 kV substation through the circuit breaker
[6,7]. In the valley period, the battery energy storage system runs on storing energy state, which guarantees
Figure 1. Constitution of the battery energy sto-
rage system.
Figure 2. Access to power system by substation.

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the load consumption; in the peak period, the battery energy storage system runs on releasing energy state,
which guarantees the reliable power supply. Meanwhile, the battery energy storage system can provide power to
the important load as backup power when the high voltage side of the substation shutdowns, which improves re-
liability of power grid.
2.3. Access to Power System by Power Plant
Since the gradual depletion of fossil fuels and the greenhouse effect caused by the growing phenomenon of
global warming, renewable energy has attracted great attention. However, intermittent renewable energy, such
as wind energy and solar energy, is not continuous and stable. The battery energy storage system is used with
renewable energy generation systems to improve the imbalance of the renewable energy power generation sys-
tem and electric power load, the quality of power supply, and the renewable energy power system stability. The
wiring of battery energy storage system assessing to power system by power plant is shown in Figure 3.
3. Information Structure Design of the Battery Energy Storage System
The information structure of the battery energy storage system can be classified into three layers, including the
device layer, the bay layer and the management layer. The information structure of the battery energy storage
system is shown in Figure 4.
3.1. The Device Layer
The device layer is the basic of the battery energy storage system; it is composed of physical equipment, includ-
ing battery pack, DC breaker, DC current convertor, measuring and monitoring equipment, AC breaker and
step-up transformer, etc. The measuring and monitoring equipment, such as current transformer, potential trans-
former, is in charge of battery energy storage system measuring and operating data monitoring, which provides
data support for real-time analysis of battery energy storage system. The AC breaker and step-up transformer
connect the battery energy storage system with the external power grid.
3.2. The Bay Layer
The bay layer is the bridge of information exchange between device layer and management layer. On the one
Figure 3. Access to power system by power plant.
Figure 4. Information structure of the battery energy storage system.

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hand, the bay layer receives measurement data and operating status information collected by the device layer,
preprocesses the data and exchanges them with the management layer; on the other hand, it receives, analyzes
and delivers the control information of the management layer, realizes the management of the device. The de-
vices in the bay layer include battery management system (BMS), power conversion system (PCS), integrated
measurement and control terminal and protectors. They typically have the extended human-computer interaction
interface, which are convenient for parameters configuration and operation debugging. The BMS mainly com-
pletes the function of battery monitoring, running alarm, self-diagnosis and parameter management, is able to
display the battery running state, and realizes the function of storage and query of historical data. The PCS
realizes battery energy storage system connecting to the grid or islanding operation according to the orders that
sent by either the management layer or the bay layer. Integrated measurement and control terminal realizes the
function of data collecting and control orders sending. The protectors realize the function of fault protection and
status alarm of the battery energy storage system.
3.3. The Management Layer
The management layer is consisted of the monitoring host, operator station and telemechanism communication
device, provides the man-machine interface, realizes the function of managing and controlling the device layer
and the bay layer device, formats the substation monitoring& management center, and communicates with the
remote monitoring & controlling center.
4. The Design of Battery Energy Storage System Information Model and
Communication Methods
The battery energy storage system uses the information model based on IEC 61850 in order to realize large ca-
pacity data monitoring. Basic model structures and communication methods of the power system device follow
the IEC 61850 standard Part 5, various IED device configuration descriptions follow the IEC61850 standard
Part 6, the information model of automatic control, monitoring, protection and other functions follow IEC 61850
standard Part 7-4. The IEC 61850 standard (Ed.2) Part 7-420 defines the information model of distributed ener-
gy. The information model of the battery energy storage system follows the above standards. The devices that
haven’t meet IEC 61850 standard can be equipped with the appropriate IED to complete rapid configuration and
integration of the information model [8-10].
The packets exchanged between the device layer and the bay layer including trip command, alarm signal, me-
ter and operational data collected by sensors. The device layer communicates with the bay layer through IEDs.
The BMS monitors the battery cell voltage, temperature and alarm. The PCS uses monitoring data and system
control strategies to achieve closed-loop controlling of converter. Information exchange follows IEC 61850
standard Part 80-1 & 90-2, uses fiber Ethernet to transmit data based on TCP/IP protocol in order to ensure
that the communication network has high reliability between the device layer and the bay layer.
The packets exchanged between the bay layer and the management layer include automatic control data, pro-
tector value, time synchronization messages and control command packets, which have high requirements for
information transmission security and real-time communication, can communicate by fiber optic network.
5. Examples of Battery Energy Storage System Information Modeling Based on
IEC 61850
The information model of AC breaker and step-up transformer can use the model designed in ordinary substa-
tion. The information model of the battery energy storage system based on IEC 61850 is shown in Figure 5.
Main logical nodes are listed in Table 1.
6. Summary
The openness and interoperability of IEC 61850 makes communication and control interface standardization of
battery energy storage system feasible. This paper discourses the typical accessing ways of the battery energy
storage system. To realize the battery energy storage system based on IEC 61850, hierarchical information ar-
chitecture for battery energy storage system is presented, the general design and implementation methods for
device information model are elaborated, and the communication methods of the architecture are proposed.

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Figure 5. Information model of the
battery energy storage system based on
IEC 61850.
Table 1. Logical nodes and corresponding function.
Logical node corresponding function Explanation
ZBAT Battery systems Remote monitoring and control battery systems
ZBTC Battery charger Remote monitoring and control battery chargers
ZRCT Rectifier Define the characteristics of rectifier
ZINV Inverter Define the characteristics of inverter
MMDC DC measurement DC voltage, current, power, and resistance
MMXU AC measurement AC voltage, current, active and reactive power
CSWI AC breaker controller Describe the controller for operation of AC breaker
XCBR AC breaker Define the characteristics of AC breaker
MMTR Meter Meter information
YPTR Transfor mer Define the characteristics of transformer
YLTC Tap changer Define the characteristics of tap changer
TVTR Voltage transformer Define the characteristics of voltage transformer
TCTR Current transformer Define the characteristics of current transformer
Example of battery energy storage system information modeling based on IEC 61850 tests that the battery ener-
gy storage system information architecture established is feasible.
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