Author(s)

Neda M. Bogari^1*, Ashwag Aljohani^1*, Amr A. Amin^2,3, Faisal A. Al-Allaf¹, Anas Dannoun¹, Mohiuddin M. Taher^1,4, Atalla Elsayed^5,6, Dareen Ibrahim Rednah⁷, Osama Elkhatee⁸, Massimo Porqueddu⁹, Francesco Alamanni¹⁰, Ahmed Fawzy^11*

¹Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, KSA.
²Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, KSA.
³Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
⁴Science and Technology Unit, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, KSA.
⁵St James’s Hospital, Dublin, UK.
⁶Occupational Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
⁷Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, KSA.
⁸Department of Cardiology, Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
⁹Department of Cardiac Surgery, King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, KSA.
¹⁰Department of Cardiac Surgery, Monzino Heart Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
¹¹Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Department of Molecular Genetics and human Enzymology, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.

Abnormal levels of plasma lipid have been linked to atherosclerosis, strokes and heart conditions. Variations in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels are considered as risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Furthermore, triglycerides are a leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, measurement of plasma lipid levels is an important mortality predictor. Several factors were associated with irregularity in plasma lipids such as genetic alterations. Recent researches have linked single nucleotides polymorphism (SNP) in ApoA5 gene with these deviations. In this study, we reported the effects of the genetic variant c.553G>T in ApoA5 on the levels of plasma lipids. To explore these effects, a case-control study including 280 male and female subjects (44 of them were assigned as CAD cases while the remaining subjects were categorized as control) was established. All patients in the study were recruited from the western region in KSA. The results have detected minor variations in LDL, HDL and cholesterol levels between CAD patients carrying T allele and CAD patients carrying the WT allele. However, there were no significant effects due to these variations. TG levels in the wild type carriers reached up to 291 mg/dl while T allele carriers, the cases, presented lower levels of TG (170 mg/dl and 71 mg/dl). Although, T allele showed no effects on plasma lipids with the exception of TG levels. We suggest by this study that T allele in this SNP might be considered as a valuable tool in the diagnosis of CAD.

APOA5 Gene, Polymorphism, Genetic Variation, Coronary Artery Disease, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)

Bogari, N. , Aljohani, A. , Amin, A. , Al-Allaf, F. , Dannoun, A. , Taher, M. , Elsayed, A. , Rednah, D. , Elkhatee, O. , Porqueddu, M. , Alamanni, F. and Fawzy, A. (2019) The Genetic Variant c.553G>T in the Lipoprotein A5 Effects on Lipid Profile Parameters Levels. World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases, 9, 122-131. doi: 10.4236/wjcd.2019.92012.