Author(s)

Mady Cissé¹, Alioune Sow^1,2*, Patrick Poucheret², Delphine Margout², Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou¹, Papa Guédel Faye¹, Mama Sakho¹, Codou Mar Gueye Diop¹

¹Laboratoire de Formation Continue en Industries Agroalimentaire (LFCIA), ESP-UCAD, Centre d’Etudes sur la Sécurité alimentaire et les Molécules fonctionnelles (CESAM-RESCIF), ESP-UCAD, Dakar, Senegal.
²UMR Qualisud Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier Supagro, Université Avignon, Université La Réunion, Montpellier, France.

In this study, the effect of extraction processes on the physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant potential of baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) seed oil was evaluated. The oils were extracted, on the one hand, by cold pressing, and on the other hand, with three types of organic solvents (acetone, chloroform, n-hexane). The recorded results indicated that the extraction yield of baobab oil was significantly impacted by both the extraction method and the polarity of the solvent used. In addition, chloroform provides the best extraction yield (40.12 ± 0.607). However, extraction by cold pressure preserves at best the physicochemical and bioactive properties of the extracted oils. Indeed, the pressing oil contains a content of phenolic compounds (0.047 ± 0.0024 mgEAG/g of oil) and a very high radical scavenging activity (DPPH) (31.71% ± 0.61%). For the various oils extracted, the minimum and maximum values were 0.50 and 3.17 mEq?kg^-1; 56.26 and 99.113 mgI₂?100 g^-1; 1.457 and 1.465; 205.37 and 233.587 mgKOH/g respectively for the peroxide, iodine, refractive and saponification values. The color parameters (L*, a* and b*) of the oils also differ depending on the nature of the organic solvent used. Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis were performed on the physicochemical properties and the antioxidant potential of the extracted oils. Therefore, the results suggest the mixed use of acetone and hexane to obtain oil comparable to that extracted by cold pressing.

Adansonia digitata L., Oil, Extraction, Biochemical Characteristics

Cissé, M. , Sow, A. , Poucheret, P. , Margout, D. , Ayessou, N. , Faye, P. , Sakho, M. and Diop, C. (2018) Impact of Extraction Method on Physicochemical Characteristics and Antioxidant Potential of Adansonia digitata Oil. Food and Nutrition Sciences, 9, 937-955. doi: 10.4236/fns.2018.98069.