Author(s)

Carlos Alberto García-López^1*, María Eugenia Vargas-Camaño¹, Emmanuel Alcázar-Casarín¹, Guillermo Quintana Mexiac¹, Pablo León Gómez¹, Mario Alberto Ynga-Durand², Benjamín López-Velázquez¹, María Isabel Castrejón-Vázquez¹

¹Servicio Inmunología Clínica y Alergia, Centro Médico Nacional “20 de Noviembre”, ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico.
²Laboratorio de Inmunidad de Mucosas, Sección de Investigación y Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico.

Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by C1 complement inhibitor deficiency and unregulated activation of complement. Aspirin hypersensitivity is related to an increase in the amount of leukotrienes with eosinophil and mast cell activation and increased levels of glandular kallikrein with upregulated local conversion of bradykinin. Both conditions can be present in the same patient. Objectives: We present five patients with HAE; they were all being treated in similar ways according to the therapeuthic options available in our institute (danazol). However, three of them had recurrent episodes of angioedema; in these cases, it was identified aspirin hypersensitivity as a cause of poor disease control. A review of the literature is included. Case Presentation: We present the cases of four females and one male (age range 21 - 58 years) with type I HAE. Subjects were all ISSSTE beneficiaries (state workers) treated at the National Medical Center “20 de Noviembre”. Aspirin hypersensitivity was identified in three patients. Elimination of NSAIDs along with dietary elimination of high salicylate-containing foods improved control of angioedema crisis (severe and/ or recurrent episodes). Discussion: Aspirin hypersensitivity was identified as a factor for poor control in our patients with HAE. Such cases improved with dietary elimination of high salicylate-containing foods and avoidance of NSAIDs. Conclusions: This is the first report of patients with HAE and aspirin hypersensitivity as a cause of poor control. We recommend a deliberate search of these comorbidities, especially in cases of poor disease control. Further studies are needed to continue the investigation on this topic.

Hereditary Angioedema, Immunodeficiency, Complement, Salicylates

García-López, C. , Vargas-Camaño, M. , Alcázar-Casarín, E. , Mexiac, G. , Gómez, P. , Ynga-Durand, M. , López-Velázquez, B. and Castrejón-Vázquez, M. (2017) Hypersensitivity to Aspirin as a Factor for Poor Control in Hereditary Angioedema. Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, 5, 39-54. doi: 10.4236/jbm.2017.53005.