Cardiac beta-defensins upregulate with a high fat diet and influence monocyte migration - Open Journal of Internal Medicine

OJIM > Vol.3 No.2, June 2013

Cardiac beta-defensins upregulate with a high fat diet and influence monocyte migration ()

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DOI: 10.4236/ojim.2013.32021 4,135 Downloads 6,568 Views Citations

Author(s)

Annika Linde, Christopher Ross, Frank Blecha, Gerald H. Lushington, Tonatiuh Melgarejo

Affiliation(s)

Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA.
Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA.
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA.

ABSTRACT

Inflammation plays a central role in development of cardiovascular pathology, and enhanced understanding of the innate immune response will help direct novel therapeutic strategies to address heart disease. Host defense peptides (HDPs)—hereunder defensins—exhibit antimicrobial, chemotactic, tissue healing and other key biological properties. Beta-defensin expression in whole-heart-homogenate has been reported in different species, and plasma alpha-defensins have been associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Still, the role of defensins in cardiac pathophysiology remains widely undetermined. Here, we show that a subset of rat-beta-defensins (rBDs) is constitutively expressed in the myocardium, and that their gene-expression level is influenced by systemic exposure to inflammatory mediators (highfat-diet and lipopolysaccharide). Using synthetic analogues of select rBD peptides, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of these HDPs against clinically relevant pathogens and their ability as immunoregulatory compounds. We found that an innate myocardial response that involves rBDs is activated by highfat-diet feeding in rats, and that these HDPs influence monocyte migration-findings that suggest the peptides responding to exogenous danger-signals, and act within the context of a myocardial “first-line-of-defense”.

KEYWORDS

Antimicrobial Peptides; Myocardial;Endotoxin; Dietary Lipid; Cell Migration

Share and Cite:

Linde, A. , Ross, C. , Blecha, F. , Lushington, G. and Melgarejo, T. (2013) Cardiac beta-defensins upregulate with a high fat diet and influence monocyte migration. Open Journal of Internal Medicine, 3, 81-94. doi: 10.4236/ojim.2013.32021.

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