Prevalence and Pattern of Alcohol Use among Adults in an Urban Slum in South East Nigeria

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DOI: 10.4236/ojpsych.2019.92014    1,114 Downloads   5,672 Views  Citations

ABSTRACT

Background: Alcohol is one of the most commonly abused psychoactive substances in the country. Studies have shown sharp increases in alcohol consumption among Nigerians. This increase is likely to continue because of increased local production and availability of alcohol in the country. Knowledge of the prevalence and pattern of current alcohol use is important considering the public health and socio-economic effects of alcohol use. Methods: Using a semi-structured questionnaire, we estimated the prevalence of current alcohol use among adults 18 years and older living in urban slums in Enugu South East Nigeria. Current use of alcohol was defined as use of any or all alcohol beverages in the past 4 weeks. The safe limit of alcohol was defined using WHO guidelines. Study duration was 5 months. Results: A total of 1411 individuals were recruited into the study. Males were 658 (46.6%) and females were 753 (53.4%). The overall prevalence of current use of alcohol was 66.7%; males 75.7% and females 58.8% (p < 0.01). The commonest alcoholic beverage consumed was beer 37.1%. The peak age of consumption was 40 - 49 years followed by 50 - 59 years. About 8.1% drank alcohol above the generally recommended units per week while 5.2% drank above the safe limit for chronic liver disease. Significant correlates of alcohol intake were increasing age, male gender, having a job, cigarette smoking and the use of snuff. Significant correlates for excessive consumption of alcohol were increasing age and cigarette smoking while those for exceeding the safe limit chronic liver were increasing age, male gender and cigarette smoking. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of current alcohol use among urban slums in Enugu. Public health educational measures for reducing alcohol consumption should be encouraged. Efforts should be made to educate the populace on the need for abstinence.

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Onodugo, O. , Ezeala-Adikaibe, B. , Anyim, O. , Ezeme, M. , Ijoma, U. , Obumneme-Anyim, I. , Okoli, O. , Onodugo, P. , Okoli, P. and Ekenze, O. (2019) Prevalence and Pattern of Alcohol Use among Adults in an Urban Slum in South East Nigeria. Open Journal of Psychiatry, 9, 179-191. doi: 10.4236/ojpsych.2019.92014.
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