Wi-Fi Traffic Enforcement System (WiTE)

Fady W. Gendi, Tarek K. Refaat, Amir H. Sadek, Ramez M. Daoud, Hassanein H. Amer, Chahir S. Fahmy, Omar M. Kassem, Hany M. ElSayed

Electronics and Communication Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Electronics Engineering Department, American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt.

DOI: 10.4236/jtts.2013.32014                

Abstract

This paper proposes a single integrated traffic enforcement system that is able to recognize and report various traffic violations. It consists of a Wi-Fi infrastructure that enables communication between moving vehicles and a central node. Unlike existing solutions, which address single violations, the proposed model encompasses several issues like exceeding speed limits, entering a no entry street, car theft, congestion and tolling. OPNET simulations were run to test the Wi-Fi model and define its different characteristics and limitations. A proof-of-concept case was modeled, and the proposed architecture succeeded in meeting all design requirements.

Keywords

Wi-Fi; Traffic Enforcement; Vehicular Networking; Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I); Infrastructure to Vehicle (I2V)

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Y. A. Kathawala and B. Tueck, “The Use of RFID for Traffic Management,” International Journal of Technology, Policy and Management, Vol. 8, No. 2, 2008. doi:10.1504/IJTPM.2008.017215
[2]	Road Flow, “Fixed/Static Traffic Enforcement System,” 2011. http://www.roadflow.co.uk/Traffic_Enforcement_Solutions/ROADflow_Fixed.aspx
[3]	TIPMRA, “How Speed Trap Radar Works,” 2011. http://tipmra.com/new_tipmra/how_Speed_Trap_Radar_works.htm
[4]	E. Sifuentes, “Wireless Magnetic Sensor Node for Vehicle Detection with Optical Wake-Up,” IEEE Sensors Journal, Vol. 11, No. 8, 2011, pp. 1669-1676. doi:10.1109/JSEN.2010.2103937
[5]	MARSH Products Inc, “The Basics of Loop Vehicle Detection,” 2011. http://www.marshproducts.com/pdf/Inductive%20Loop%20Write%20up.pdf
[6]	Y. Byon, A. Shalaby and B. Abdulhai, “Travel Time Collection and Traffic Monitoring via GPS Technologies,” Proceedings of the IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference ITSC, Toronto, September 2006.
[7]	J. C. Herrera, D. B. Work, R. Herring, X. Ban and A. M. Bayen, “Evaluation of Traffic Data Obtained via GPS-Enabled Mobile Phones: The Mobile Century Field Experiment,” Journal of Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, Vol. 18, No. 4, 2010.
[8]	S. Bandyopadhyay, “Traffic Congestion Management Using RFID & Wireless Technologies,” Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta, 2011. http://www.intranse.in/its1/sites/default/files/7-Congestion%20Management-Somprakash.pdf
[9]	IEEE 802.3 Std.
[10]	IEEE 802.11 Std.
[11]	Official Site for OPNET Network Modeler. http://www.opnet.com
[12]	Minnesota Department of Transportation. http://www.chico.ca.us/building_development_services/traffic/speed_limits.asp
[13]	“Driving in France, French Monitoring Laws.” http://driving.drive-alive.co.uk/driving-in-france.htm
[14]	T. S. Rappaport, “Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice,” 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, 2002.
[15]	T. Chrysikos and S. Kotsopoulos, “Impact of Channel-Dependent Variation of Path Loss Exponent on Wireless Information-Theoretic Security,” Proceedings of the IEEE Wireless Telecommunications Symposium WTS, Prague, April 2009.
[16]	Official Site for FCC Regulations. www.fcc.gov
[17]	Tropos, “Receive Sensitivity: A Practical Explanation,” 2007. http://www.tropos.com/pdf/technology_briefs/tropos_techbrief_rx_sensitivity.pdf