Relationship changes in lifestyle, cardiovascular risk factors, and mental health in Japanese workers: A four-year follow up with high-risk and population strategies of the occupational health promotion (HIPOP-OHP) study

Junko Minai, Taichiro Tanaka, Tomonori Okamura, Shunichi Fukuhara, Yoshimi Suzukamo, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Zentaro Yamagata

Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan.
Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto, Japan.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
School of Nursing and Rehabilitation Science, Odawara International University of Health and Welfare, Odawara, Japan;.

DOI: 10.4236/health.2012.411161                

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are major causes of death in Japan, and controlling the risk factors for CVD is an important public health task. Lifestyle factors, for example, diet and stress, have impacts on risk factors such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Deterioration of mental health is related to CVD pathogenesis. Aim: We investigated the relationships between levels of mental health, 4-year changes in lifestyle, and CVD risk factors among Japanese workers, using the SF-36 (Japanese version), which is a comprehensive scale measuring health-related quality of life. We hypothesized that workers’ mental health levels would influence 4-year changes in their lifestyles and CVD risk factors. Methods: Data from the High-Risk and Population Strategy for Occupational Health Promotion (HIPOP-OHP) study, which were collected by examination and administration of the SF-36, were used. The relationships between mental health levels at baseline, lifestyle chan- ges, and cardiovascular risk factors were longitudinally analyzed. Subjects with total SF-36 scores ≥65 were classified as the “Good Mental Health Group,” and those with total scores <65 were classified as the “Poor Mental Health Group.” Results: Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that, as compared to people who had poor mental health, those who had good mental health at baseline had a significantly higher probability of good maintenance of improvements in body mass index, (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.03 - 1.39), blood pressure (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.43), total cholesterol (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.86 - 1.33) and HDL cholesterol (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.07 - 1.47). Conclusion: Japanese workers with good mental health tend to improve or maintain good lifestyle conditions and minimize CVD risk factors, while those with poor mental health generally have difficulty improving their lifestyles and lowering their CVD risk.

Keywords

Lifestyle; Cardiovascular Risk Factors; Mental Health; Japanese Workers; HIPOP-OHP

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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