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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Accounting for Population in an EKC for Water Pollution

  AUTHORS: Alexi Thompson

  KEYWORDS: Environmental Kuznet’s Curve; Population; Pooled Mean Group Estimation

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol.4 No.7A, July 18, 2013

  ABSTRACT: This paper explores the role of population in empirical studies. While panel estimation should control for differences across countries as more populated countries should pollute more, more pollution may not lead to more pollution per capita. Two models are estimated each of which control for population in different ways. One model accounts for population by expressing BOD in per capita terms and the second model regresses BOD on population using the residual in the EKC regression. The Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) reveals the second model is preferred to the first model. In addition, although both models reveal an EKC, the turning points are vastly different. Future EKC studies can benefit by testing EKC models that control for population in different ways.