K. J. Mattila, V. V. Valtonen, M. S. Nieminen and S. Asikainen, “Role of Infection as a Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis, Myocardial Infarction, and Stroke,” Clinical Infectious Diseases, Vol. 26, No. 3 1998, pp. 719-734. doi:10.1086/514570

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Associations between Pneumococcal Vaccinationand Adverse Outcomes in Patients with Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome

  AUTHORS: Maliha Zahid, Ish Singla, Chester B. Good, Roslyn A. Stone, Sunghee Kim, Michael J. Fine, Ali F. Sonel

  KEYWORDS: Pneumococcal Vaccination; Acute Coronary Syndromes; Outcomes

  JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Infectious Diseases, Vol.2 No.4, December 13, 2012

  ABSTRACT: Background: Although pneumococcal vaccination prevents the most common pneumonia of bacterial etiology, its associations without comes of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) are unknown. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of 1436 patients hospitalized with suspected ACS/non-ST elevation MI that were eligible for pneumococcal vaccination. Primary outcomes were death and subsequent Myocardial Infarction (MI) within 6-months of the index hospitalization. We used Cox regression to assess associations between pneumococcal vaccination and outcomes, adjusting for influenza vaccination and relevant clinical covariates. We also utilized propensity scores to adjust for potential confounding. Results: Overall, 937 (65.3%) patients received pneumococcal vaccination either prior to or during the index hospitalization. Unvaccinated patients had higher mortality (26.9% vs. 7.9%; p