TITLE:
Epidemiological, Clinical and Angiographic Profile of Chronic Coronary Syndromes in the Catheterization Room. Single-Centre Study Carried Out in the Cardiology Department of the Chu Aristide Le Dantec in Dakar (Senegal)
AUTHORS:
Cheikh Mouhamadou Bamba Mbacke Diop, Radja Juste Bissakonou Nzaya, Joseph Salvador Mingou, Papa Guirane Ndiaye, Youssou Diouf, Khadimu Rassoul Diop, Demba Ware Balde, Ahmadou Bamba Samb, Malick Bodian, Fatou Aw, Simon Antoine Sarr, Mouhamadou Bamba Ndiaye, Abdoul Kane, Maboury Diao
KEYWORDS:
Chronic Coronary Syndroms, Coronarography, Aristide Le Dantec Hospital, Dakar
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Vol.13 No.10,
October
30,
2023
ABSTRACT: Background: Ischaemic heart disease is the cause of 7.4 million
deaths per year. Their prevention is based on the management of cardiovascular
risk factors, but also on the early detection and management of chronic
coronary syndromes (CCS), for which few data are available in Africa. The main
objective of our study was to determine the factors related to significative
coronary artery disease in patients undergoing coronarography for suspected
chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). Methodology: We conducted a retrospective descriptive and
analytical study over 2 years (from January, 1st, 2018 to December
31st, 2019) in the Cardiology Department of the University Hospital
Aristide Le DANTEC in Dakar. All patients admitted for coronary angiography for
suspected chronic coronary syndrome were included. Results: One hundred and fifty-two patients were included
with a mean age of 60.79 ± 9.73 years, the most represented age group was 60 - 69
years. Advanced age was the most frequent
risk factor (77.63%) followed by sedentary lifestyle (56.58%) and
hypertension (41.45%). Diabetes was present in 17.1% of
cases. A history of angioplasty was found in 1.97% of patients. Typical pain
was found in 71.05% of cases, atypical pain in 19.74% and exertional dyspnoea
in 2.63%. The pre-test probability was intermediate in 67.1% of
cases, low in 25% and high in 7.9%.
Significative coronary lesion was found in 52.63% of the patients, while
coronary angiography was normal in the remaining cases. Tritroncular status was
observed in 37.50%, it was bitroncular in 26.25% and monotroncular in 36.25% of
cases. Factors associated with significative coronary artery disease were age
(p = 0.0001), diabetes (p = 0.006), previous angioplasty (p = 0.023), previous
myocardial infarction (p = 0.018), typical angina (p = 0.001), intermediate
pretest probability (p = 0.001). Low pretest probability was significantly
correlated with the absence of a coronary lesion with a p = 0.001. Conclusion: Our study shows that screening for chronic coronary
disease should be done especially in diabetics, elderly subjects and those with
previous angioplasty taking into account symptoms and pretest probability to
avoid unnecessary invasive procedures.