TITLE:
Prevalence of Association of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency and Sickle Cell Disease at the National Teaching Hospital of Cotonou in Benin
AUTHORS:
Alban Zohoun, Tatiana Baglo-Agbodande, Thierry Adje, Bienvenu Houssou, Romaric Massi, Gnon Gourou Orou Guiwa, Justin Dèhoumon, Josiane Mehou, Ludovic Anani, Anne Vovor, Dorothée Kinde-Gazard
KEYWORDS:
Sickle Cell Disease, G6PD Deficiency, Prevalence, Hemogram
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Blood Diseases,
Vol.13 No.3,
September
11,
2023
ABSTRACT: Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and sickle cell
disease are common genetic defects of red blood cells that lead to hemolytic
anemia. The prevalence of G6PD deficiency in sickle cell patients is unknown in
Benin. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of G6PD
deficiency in sickle cell patients at the CNHU-HKM of Cotonou. Methods: This prospective study was conducted from April to November 2022 at the
blood-related diseases teaching clinic and included sickle cell patients in the
stationary phase. G6PD determination was performed using the enzymatic method
on a Mindray BS 200 machine following the Herz method. Hematological parameters
were determined using the XT 4000i analyzer and supplemented by a blood smear
stained with May Grunwald Giemsa. Data were analyzed using Epi Info 3.5.4
software. Results: One hundred and sixty-four sickle cell patients (80
SS homozygotes and 84 SC heterozygotes) in the intercritical phase, with a mean
age of 26.30 ± 10.76 years, were included. The prevalence of G6PD deficiency
was 9.1% (15 cases found in 7 SS patients and 8 SC patients). In G6PD-deficient
patients, the mean concentration of the enzyme was lower in Hb SC heterozygotes
than in Hb SS homozygotes: 3.56 IU/g Hb versus 4.98 IU/g Hb. The mean
reticulocyte count was 231.43 G/L in the deficient group, compared to 216.32
G/L in the non-deficient group. Conclusion: The preliminary results of
our study reveal a high prevalence of G6PD deficiency in sickle cell patients.
The impact of this association on hematologic and biological parameters should
be evaluated for better management of sickle cell disease.