TITLE:
Epidemiology of Maxillofacial Trauma in Pediatric and Adolescent Population: An Institutional Experience of 6 Years
AUTHORS:
Noaman Kazi, Pallavi Ranadive, Suday Rajurkar, Ankit Sharma, Mohan Deshpande, Snehal Ingole
KEYWORDS:
Maxillofacial Trauma, Pediatric Trauma, Open Reduction, Closed Reduction, Mandibular Fractures
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Orthopedics,
Vol.12 No.6,
June
20,
2022
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Facial fractures are uncommon injuries in children. Pediatric
maxillofacial fractures constitute 1% to 15% of all facial fractures, but show
different clinical features when compared with adult patients. Worldwide, the
major causes of fractures in children are accidents, falls, violence, and
sports- related accidents. Facial trauma in children may result in injury to the
facial growth centers, leading to
subsequent developmental abnormalities in the injured area. Patients & Methods: Data of pediatric and adolescent patients (0 - 17
years), with a history of trauma, has been compiled over a period of 6 years.
History, clinical and radiographic data records were analyzed. Compilation was
done in the following categories; age and sex distribution, etiology, site of
trauma and associated soft tissue injuries were recorded. The treatment
rendered has also been mentioned. Results: A total of 340 patient
records were assessed. Demographic data, etiology, type of fracture, associated
injury and treatment rendered were recorded. It was found that males (54.7%)
were more frequently affected than females (45.3%). Incidence of trauma was
more in children belonging to the pre-school age group (38.5%) and the most
common etiology was sports-related injuries (43.8%). Dentoalveolar fractures
were the most common type (58.5%) of fractures seen in the patients. Most of the patients were managed by conservative
treatment (35%) or closed reduction (48%), while a few required open reduction
(7.9%). Conclusion: It is felt that this data will be useful in
determining the pattern and etiology of maxillofacial trauma in pediatric
patients in an Indian setting. Additionally, an outline of the treatment plan
in different types of fractures is also summarized.