TITLE:
Genome Mapping to Enhance Efficient Marker-Assisted Selection and Breeding of the Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
AUTHORS:
Essubalew Getachew Seyum, Ngalle Hermine Bille, Wosene Gebreselassie Abtew, Godswill Ntsomboh-Ntsefong, Joseph Martin Bell
KEYWORDS:
Genome Mapping, Crop Improvement, Marker Assisted Selection, Oil Palm, Biotechnology
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology,
Vol.12 No.12,
December
13,
2021
ABSTRACT: The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is one of the major cultivated crops
among the economically important palm species. It is cultivated mainly for its
edible oil. For a perennial crop like oil palm, the use of Marker Assisted
Selection (MAS) techniques helps to reduce the breeding cycle and improve the
economic products. Genetic and physical maps are important for sequencing
experiments since they show the exact positions of genes and other distinctive
features in the chromosomal DNA. This review focuses on the role of genome
mapping in oil palm breeding. It assesses the role of genome mapping in oil
palm breeding and discusses the major factors affecting such mapping.
Generating a high-density map governed by several factors, for instance, marker
type, marker density, number of mapped population, and software used are the
major issues treated. The general conclusion is that genome mapping is pivotal
in the construction of a genetic linkage map. It helps to detect QTL and
identify genes that control quantitative traits in oil palm. In perspective,
the use of high-density molecular markers with a large number of markers, a
large number mapping population, and up-to-date software is necessary for oil palm genome mapping.