Arbitral Award of the President of the United States, Regarding the Dispute between Portugal and the United Kingdom about the Sovereignty over the Island of Bulama … Decision of 21 April 1870. (2007) In United Nations, Reports of International Arbitral Awards, 28, 131-139.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: State Title to Territory—The Historical Conjunction of Sovereignty and Property

  AUTHORS: Douglas R. Howland

  KEYWORDS: Dispute, Issues, International Organisation, Rules, Governance

  JOURNAL NAME: Beijing Law Review, Vol.11 No.4, December 11, 2020

  ABSTRACT: Why, in the course of the 19thcentury, did legal scholars come to treat State territory as State property? This essay recounts a history of “title” to territory, as sovereignty became territorial and the State became an owner of territory. The comparison of international law and private law encouraged the treatment of territory as property, and was substantiated through prize law, colonial acquisitions of imperialism, and the analogy between the State and individual, with international leases and eminent domain modeled after property transactions. Recent affirmations of aboriginal title, however, raise the possibility of realignment among sovereignty, territory, and title.