TITLE:
Evaluation of In-Vitro Anti-Tuberculosis Activity of Tetrapleura tetraptera Crude and Fractions on Multidrug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis
AUTHORS:
Kasim Salihu Izebe, Kolo Ibrahim, Josiah Ademola Onaolapo, Peters Oladosu, Yakubu Ya’aba, Moses Njoku, Mohammed Busu Shehu, Mercy Ezeunala, Yakubu Kokori Ibrahim
KEYWORDS:
Anti-Tuberculosis, Tetrapleura tetraptera, Tetrazolium Assay, Tuberculosis, Phyto-Chemical, MDR-TB
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Tuberculosis Research,
Vol.8 No.3,
September
2,
2020
ABSTRACT: The management, control and elimination of tuberculosis (TB) have been
difficult with the advent of HIV and cases of multidrug resistant (MDR-TB)
tuberculosis. The cases of multidrug
resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid pose greater challenges on first line and second line drugs to eliminate
TB. The study is aimed at establishing anti-tuberculosis activity of Tetrapleura
tetraptera against Mycobacterium
tuberculosis and MDR-TB and the phytochemical present. The leaves of Tetrapleura tetraptera were collected, weighed, dried and pulverized to
powder. The pulverized leaves of Tetrapleura tetraptera were subjected to 70% methanol extraction and
screened for phytochemical. The crude extract was further purified into
fractions using silica gel and thin layer chromatography techniques. M.
tuberculosis and MDR-TB were
obtained from positive acid fast bacilli sputa of TB patients and
confirmed using GeneXpert to
differentiate genotypic drug susceptible M. tuberculosis and MDR-TB. The sputa
were digested using sodium hydroxide-cysteine technique and cultured in
Middlebrook 7H9. The crude extract and fractions were screened for
anti-tuberculosis activity using tetrazolium microtitre plate assay. The
results showed that Tetrapleura tetraptera crude had activities against M. tuberculosis at 7.4 ± 0 mg/ml and 27.5 ± 0 mg/ml for MDR-TB. One of the fractions inhibited the growth of M.
tuberculosis at 0.24 ± 0 mg/ml and MDR-TB at 0.89 ± 0 mg/ml. The phytochemical screened includes tannins,
alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, phenols and resins. T. tetraptra possesses
anti-tuberculosis potential at low concentration on MDR-TB and can be a lead compound in drug development for the treatment of
tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis.