TITLE:
Preclinical Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Compositions and Their Components for Urinary Health
AUTHORS:
Francesco De Seta, Jonathan Wayne Lowery, Oladipupo Ogunbekun OMS II, Bryan Larsen
KEYWORDS:
Urinary Pathogen, Antibacterial, Inflammation, Bladder Epithelial Cells
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Vol.10 No.1,
January
13,
2020
ABSTRACT: Background: The need for products that treat or prevent urinary tract infections
without resort to antibiotics that may select for resistant bacterial strains
has created a need to develop antibiotic-free therapeutics. Objective: To conduct an exploratory evaluation of intrinsic antimicrobial activity
of a panel of compounds alone or in combination against urinary pathogens and
probiotic organisms as well as their effect on biofilm formation and immune activity
in infected cultured bladder epithelial cells. Results: Of the compounds tested, 1% citric acid was most consistently inhibitory
to urinary pathogens as were combinations containing citric acid. Two
combinations of compounds were tested and both showed antimicrobial activity
when challenged with 1 × 105 bacteria/mL. The two combination products and D-mannose
did not inhibit probiotic microorganisms and one composition increased the
inhibitory potential of probiotic organisms. Results obtained with biofilm
studies were variable, but probiotic biofilm was enhanced under some
circumstances. Biofilms of some urinary pathogens were reduced by antimicrobial
mixtures. A strong cytokine response was elicited when T24 bladder epithelial
cells were infected for one hour with urinary pathogens and a modest reduction
in cytokine response was recorded with some combinations of test compounds. Conclusion: Citric acid alone and mixtures of various compositions containing citric
acid inhibited the growth and biofilm formation by 4 uropathogens. Probiotic
organisms grew in the presence of mannose and citric acid-containing
combinations. One of the combinations enhanced probiotic activity of
Lactobacilli against uropathogens. When infecting T24 cell monolayers with
uropathogens, potential modulation of inflammatory activity was demonstrated.