TITLE:
Mechanism Underlying Increase of the Serum Magnesium Concentration Observed Following Treatment with Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors
AUTHORS:
Yasuhiro Sasaki, Keiko Koyano, Shuhei Iida, Tatsuo Yanagawa
KEYWORDS:
Diabetes, Magnesium, Cardiovascular Events, Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors, The EMPA-REG OUTCOME Study
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Diabetes Mellitus,
Vol.7 No.4,
September
22,
2017
ABSTRACT: Aim: The EMPA-REG OUTCOME study reported that the sodium-glucose
cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2-i) suppressed cardiovascular (CV) events in
patients with type 2 diabetes; we recently suggested that increase of the serum
magnesium (Mg) by SGLT2-i’s can, in part, explain this reduction. The objective
of this study was to elucidate the mechanism underlying the elevation of the
serum Mg level induced by treatment with SGLT2-i’s. Methods: We analyzed
the data of 37 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent clinical evaluation
and laboratory assessment at baseline and the end of 3 months. To investigate
the relationship between the changes in the serum Mg concentrations during 3
months’ treatment (ΔMg) and other variables, we carried out simple linear
regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results:
Three months’ treatment with the SGLT2-i resulted in a significant improvement
of the body weight (BW), BMI, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and fasting plasma
glucose levels. The serum Mg increased significantly. Simple linear regression
analysis revealed an association between the ΔMg and the serum triglyceride,
serum Mg at baseline, change of the BW (ΔBW), and change of the HbA1c. Multiple
linear regression analysis revealed a significant association between the ΔMg
and the serum Mg level at the baseline (r = -0.55, P Conclusion: Our study revealed that a lower
serum Mg level at the baseline and BW reduction were significantly associated
with an increase in the serum Mg following 3 months’ treatment with SGLT2-i’s.