Evaluation of the Petition from Oceana, Center for Biological Diversity and Shark Stewards to List the Northeast Pacific White Shark (Carcharodon carcharias) as Threatened or Endangered, Report to the Fish and Game Commission 35. Incidental Reported Catch Rates of YOY and Juvenile White Sharks Has Increased in Southern California since the 1994 Gill Net Ban.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Circling the Blood in the Water: The Difficulties in Endangered Species Protections for the Great White Shark

  AUTHORS: Derek Julio

  KEYWORDS: Endangered Species Act, ESA, CESA, California Endangered Species Act, Great White Shark

  JOURNAL NAME: Natural Resources, Vol.5 No.11, August 29, 2014

  ABSTRACT: The purpose of legislation like the Endangered Species Act is to provide a means to conserve the ecosystems of endangered and threatened species, but not all species that may appear to need conservation are granted protection. An estimated 100 million sharks are killed each year largely due to exploitation, yet few shark species are ever granted protection under state or federal endangered species acts. The Northeastern Pacific population of the Great White Shark is no exception. Despite the numerous threats facing the white shark, NOAA denied a petition to list it as an endangered or threatened species under the federal Endangered Species Act. In light of the pending California decision to list the white shark under its state endangered species act, this paper considers whether or not such extreme protections are necessary. This paper first discusses the threats facing the white shark, the listing processes of both the federal and the California endangered species acts, and NOAA’s 12-month negative finding. Finally, this paper concludes that endangered species protections are not warranted in the case of the Northeastern Pacific white shark because of prior government intervention and conservation efforts already in place.