TITLE:
Protective Activity of Camel’s Milk and Urine Mixture (Camelus dromedaries) against Ethanol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
AUTHORS:
Ahmed E. Elhag, F. Bernard, Samia M. A. El Badwi
KEYWORDS:
Camel Milk and Urine, Ethanol, Hepatoprotection, Rats
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology,
Vol.8 No.10,
October
16,
2017
ABSTRACT: This
study was implemented at the University of Khartoum to investigate the
protective effect of camel milk mixed with camel urine against alcohol-induced liver damage in Wistar albino rats. The
reasons for combining camel milk and urine together are because that in
Sudan this combination is used extensively in traditional medicine and they claimed
that this combination cures a lot
of diseases including liver disease and jaundice; 25 Wister Albino rats of both
sexes were brought and divided into 5 groups. Group 1 (control group) received
normal saline, group 2 received ethanol 10% at dose of (0.5 g/100g body weight)
and group 3 rats received Silymarin (5 mg/100g body weight) plus ethanol 10%
(0.5 g/100g). Group 4 received a mixture of camel milk and urine (1:1) at the
rate of 2 ml/100g and group 5 rats were administered with the
mixture of camel’s milk and urine as in group 4 plus ethanol 10% (0.5 g/100g).
All treatments given by an oral intubation, experiment lasts for 28 days, rats
were euthanized, serum samples and liver sections obtained. Oral administration
of 10% ethanol (0.5 g/100g) induced liver damage which was clear in group 2 in
a form of generalized necrosis, fatty change and congestion, beside high
elevation of serum enzymes (AST, ALT, and ALP). Giving camel’s milk and urine
mixture to group 5 with ethanol 10% (0.5 g/100g), resulted in significant
reduction of levels of serum enzymes (AST, ALT, and ALP) and in stabilization
of serum metabolites (total protein, albumin and bilirubin). The degree of reduction was lower when significantly compared to (Silymarin + ethanol)
group, and all results were verified by the histopathological
changes. Hepatoprotective effects of camel’s milk and urine mixture were
recorded and this could be attributed to antioxidant activity or to its chelate effects on toxicants. Drinking raw camel milk and
urine mixture, it was
used extensively in traditional medicine in Sudan and it was found safe without
any ill effect.