TITLE:
Morbidity Profile and Causes of Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Data from a Tertiary Teaching Hospital from Eastern India
AUTHORS:
Soumya Ranjan Behera, Manoranjan Behera, Sidhartha Das, Bhabani Prasad Panda, Saroj Kumar Tripathy, Purna Chandra Dash
KEYWORDS:
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Vascular Complications, Infections, NAFLD, Mortality
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Diabetes Mellitus,
Vol.7 No.3,
August
24,
2017
ABSTRACT: Background: Data regarding the prevalence of morbidity and
mortality in patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is scanty in India. Objectives:
To determine the prevalence of micro and macro vascular complications, acute metabolic complications, infections, Non Alcoholic
Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and cause of mortality in T2DM patients
admitted to a tertiary care teaching hospital in Eastern India. Material and
Methods: This was a hospital-based
prospective study evaluating 150 T2DM patients admitted to a tertiary care
institution in Eastern India. Diagnosis of micro and macro vascular complications,
infections and NAFLD was made using standard protocols. In case of death, the most probable cause was noted. Results: Out of 150 patients, 14.7% of patients were
newly diagnosed T2DM and out of them 41% of patients had vascular complications and 54.5% had infections. Of the
total patients, 56% had nephropathy, 20% neuropathy, 17.3% retinopathy, 31.3%
CVD, 11.3% CAD, 4.6% acute metabolic complications, 44% infections and 16.6%
had NAFLD respectively. Macrovascular events occured earlier than microvascular
complications. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed strong association of age,
duration of diabetes, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C with retinopathy (Regression
coefficient β: -0.1086807, 0.4127152, -0.0513393, 0.0146429, 0.0587475;
p β: 0.2538751, 0.2261636;
p β: 0.055392;
p β: 0.0055014;
p 18.6% patients died due to diabetes related complications. Cardiovascular
(CV)-related deaths (CVD+CAD) were most common cause (51.5%: CVD 36.4%, CAD
15.1%) to be followed by infections (27.3%) and then chronic kidney disease (12.1%). Conclusions: This study highlights the
high prevalence of vascular complications and infections in T2DM patients of
Eastern India. CV-related deaths were principal causes of death, similar to
that in developed world.